Peng Ruiting, Xia Mengli, Ru Jiakang, Huo Yixin, Yang Yu
School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2018 Sep 25;34(9):1398-1409. doi: 10.13345/j.cjb.170532.
Plastic pollution has become a global environmental issue, making it necessary to explore the environmental disposal technology for plastic waste. Recently, we and other researchers have individually found microorganisms or enzymes from nature that can degrade synthetic plastic. These findings indicated that the capability of these microorganisms or enzymes to degrade plastic could be used for the disposal of plastic waste. Polyurethane (PUR) was one of the most used general plastic and its plastic waste occupied 30% of the total volume of different plastic waste. This review tried to provide a comprehensive summary of the researches on microbial degradation of PUR plastic in the past 70 years since its invention, and focused on the PUR-degrading fungi, bacteria, genes or enzymes, degradation products and the corresponding biological disposal technologies. We finally proposed the key scientific challenges on the development of high efficient biological disposal for PUR waste in the perspective researches.
塑料污染已成为一个全球性的环境问题，因此有必要探索塑料垃圾的环境处理技术。最近，我们和其他研究人员分别从自然界中发现了能够降解合成塑料的微生物或酶。这些发现表明，这些微生物或酶降解塑料的能力可用于处理塑料垃圾。聚氨酯（PUR）是最常用的通用塑料之一，其塑料垃圾占不同塑料垃圾总体积的30%。本综述试图全面总结自聚氨酯发明以来过去70年中关于其微生物降解的研究，并重点关注降解聚氨酯的真菌、细菌、基因或酶、降解产物以及相应的生物处理技术。我们最后从前瞻性研究的角度提出了聚氨酯废弃物高效生物处理开发面临的关键科学挑战。
