State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China.
School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Feb 15;651(Pt 1):909-916. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.267. Epub 2018 Sep 21.
Landfill is an important method for the treatment of municipal solid wastes. Microbes play a central role in the biodegradation and stabilization of organic matter during landfill; however, the succession of microbial communities in landfills and their association with organic matter still remain unclear. This study investigated the succession and diversity of microorganisms in landfill depending on different depths and ages as well as its association with dissolved organic matter (DOM) and heavy metals. The results showed that the actinobacterial diversity and richness were high compared to bacteria in young landfill cells. The diversity and richness of bacteria and actinobacterial were the highest in the middle layer in the intermediate and old landfill cells. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the most dominant phyla. Firmicutes were mainly affected by the humification degree, and the aromatic and protein-like substance content of the landfill-derived DOM. The phylum Proteobacteria was greatly affected by the lipid and humic-like substances content of the landfill-derived DOM, while the distribution of Actinobacteria was regulated by both aromatic and humic-like substances. The effect of dissolved heavy metals on the microbial distribution in landfill differed for the metals Cr, Ni, Pb, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Cd. Siderophile elements (Cr, Ni, and Pb) were necessary trace elements for Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and promoted their growth. Oxyphilic element (Mn) was an important factor promoting the growth of Actinobacteria. However, no apparent relationship was found between sulfurophile elements (Cu, Zn, and Cd) and microorganisms.
垃圾填埋是处理城市固体废物的重要方法。微生物在填埋过程中有机物质的生物降解和稳定化中起着核心作用；然而，填埋场中微生物群落的演替及其与有机物质的关系仍不清楚。本研究调查了不同深度和年龄的填埋场中微生物的演替和多样性及其与溶解有机物质（DOM）和重金属的关系。结果表明，与年轻填埋场细胞中的细菌相比，放线菌的多样性和丰富度较高。在中龄和老龄填埋场的中层，细菌和放线菌的多样性和丰富度最高。厚壁菌门、变形菌门和放线菌门是最主要的门。厚壁菌门主要受填埋场 DOM 中腐殖化程度和芳香族及蛋白类物质含量的影响。变形菌门主要受填埋场 DOM 中脂质和腐殖质样物质含量的影响，而放线菌的分布则受芳香族和腐殖质样物质的共同调节。溶解态重金属对填埋场中微生物分布的影响因金属 Cr、Ni、Pb、Mn、Cu、Zn 和 Cd 而有所不同。亲石元素（Cr、Ni 和 Pb）是变形菌门和放线菌门必需的微量元素，促进了它们的生长。亲氧元素（Mn）是促进放线菌生长的重要因素。然而，没有发现硫元素（Cu、Zn 和 Cd）与微生物之间存在明显的关系。
