环状 RNA 在心血管疾病中的作用。

Circular RNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases.

机构信息

Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1087:191-204. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-1426-1_15.

DOI:10.1007/978-981-13-1426-1_15

PMID:30259367

Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a group of circular RNA molecules with a 3',5'-phosphodiester bond at the junction site, are generated by back-splicing of precursor mRNAs. Most of the circular RNAs originate from the exon region of the encoded protein, and some are derived from intron regions, antisense transcripts, or long noncoding RNAs. Circular RNAs are abundantly in eukaryotic transcriptome and participate in various biological processes. It is closely associated with various diseases such as tumors, diabetes, nervous system diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. In cardiovascular system, numerous circRNAs have been identified and involved in important processes of cardiovascular development and diseases. Here we will review the latest research progress of circular RNA in cardiovascular diseases. Also, we will outline the specific examples of circRNAs involved in cardiovascular system regulatory effects, including act as miRNA sponges, interaction with RNA-binding proteins, regulated by RNA-binding proteins and serve as biomarkers. In addition, potential mechanisms underlying the regulatory role of circRNAs in cardiovascular diseases will be discussed.

摘要

环状 RNA（circRNAs）是一类具有连接位点 3'、5'-磷酸二酯键的环状 RNA 分子，由前体 mRNA 的反向剪接产生。大多数环状 RNA 来源于编码蛋白的外显子区域，有些来源于内含子区域、反义转录本或长非编码 RNA。环状 RNA 在真核转录组中大量存在，并参与多种生物学过程。它与肿瘤、糖尿病、神经系统疾病和心血管疾病等多种疾病密切相关。在心血管系统中，已经鉴定出许多 circRNAs，并参与心血管发育和疾病的重要过程。在这里，我们将综述环状 RNA 在心血管疾病中的最新研究进展。此外，我们将概述环状 RNA 参与心血管系统调节作用的具体实例，包括作为 miRNA 海绵、与 RNA 结合蛋白相互作用、受 RNA 结合蛋白调控和作为生物标志物。此外，还将讨论环状 RNA 在心血管疾病中的调节作用的潜在机制。