Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2019 Apr;26(2):387-400. doi: 10.3758/s13423-018-1528-4.
It is widely accepted that sleep aids in the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval processes involved in memory processing; however, the conditions under which sleep influences memory may be substantially constrained. In a meta-analysis, we examined the effects that sleep has on both veridical (accurate) and false memory consolidation, in studies using the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm for memory of thematically related words. The meta-analysis revealed that, whereas there was no overall effect of sleep on either accurate or false memories, the effect of sleep on overall memories was moderated by two constraints. First, sleep effects were influenced by the number of words within each themed word list, relating to differences in processing of the associative network of related words. Second, sleep effects were greater in recall than in recognition tests. Thus, whether sleep consolidation increased or decreased DRM veridical or false memory effects depended on the specific features of the memory task.
人们普遍认为，睡眠有助于记忆处理过程中的编码、巩固和提取；然而，睡眠影响记忆的条件可能受到很大限制。在一项荟萃分析中，我们使用主题相关词的 Deese/Roediger-McDermott（DRM）范式研究了睡眠对真实（准确）和虚假记忆巩固的影响。荟萃分析表明，尽管睡眠对准确或错误记忆都没有总体影响，但睡眠对整体记忆的影响受到两个限制因素的调节。首先，睡眠的影响受到每个主题词列表中单词数量的影响，这与相关单词的联想网络的处理差异有关。其次，睡眠的影响在回忆测试中比在识别测试中更大。因此，睡眠巩固是否增加或减少 DRM 真实或虚假记忆效应取决于记忆任务的具体特征。
