心血管危险因素与应激激素与墨西哥青少年认知表现的关系。

Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Stress Hormones With Cognitive Performance in Mexican Adolescents.

机构信息

Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México.

出版信息

J Pediatr Psychol. 2019 Mar 1;44(2):208-219. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsy074.

DOI:10.1093/jpepsy/jsy074

PMID:30272242

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to determine whether cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and stress hormones are associated with cognitive performance in Mexican adolescents.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study including 139 Mexican adolescents 10-14 years old. Participants were divided into three categories: 0, 1-2, and ≥3 CVD risk factors. These factors included: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) <40 mg/dl; waist circumference (WC) ≥90th percentile for age and sex, systolic or diastolic blood pressure ≥90th percentile for age, sex, and height; and triacylglycerols (TGs) ≥110 mg/dl. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), total cholesterol, cortisol, and plasma catecholamines were measured as well. Furthermore, attention, memory, and executive functions were evaluated using a validated test for Spanish-speaking individuals (Neuropsi).

RESULTS

Adolescents in the three risk categories did not show significant differences in Neuropsi test performance tasks; however, they presented different lipid and plasma norepinephrine concentrations. TG and VLDL-C were inversely associated with memory (r = -0.19, **p < .01). Multivariate regression analysis showed consistently that TG/HDL-C ratio was inversely related to attention-memory general score (standardized β = -0.99, t = -2.30, p = .023), memory (standardized β = -0.83, t = -2.08, p = .039), and attention-executive functions (standardized β = -1.02, t = -2.42, p = .017). Plasma epinephrine levels presented an inverse and weak relation to the attention-executive functions score (standardized β = -0.18, t = -2.19, p = .030).

CONCLUSIONS

Cognitive performance is not completely dependent on the accumulation of risk factors, but instead on the combination of strong predictors of CVD like waist to height ratio, TG/HDL-C, and VLDL-C. Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine have a stronger association with cognition and CVD risk than dopamine and cortisol.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在探讨心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素和应激激素是否与墨西哥青少年的认知表现有关。

方法

这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 139 名 10-14 岁的墨西哥青少年。参与者分为三组：0、1-2 和≥3 个 CVD 危险因素。这些因素包括：高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）<40mg/dl；腰围（WC）≥年龄和性别的第 90 百分位，收缩压或舒张压≥年龄、性别和身高的第 90 百分位；三酰甘油（TGs）≥110mg/dl。还测量了低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C）、总胆固醇、皮质醇和血浆儿茶酚胺。此外，使用经过验证的西班牙语个体测试（Neuropsi）评估注意力、记忆和执行功能。

结果

在三个风险类别中，青少年在神经心理学测试表现任务中没有显著差异；然而，他们表现出不同的血脂和血浆去甲肾上腺素浓度。TG 和 VLDL-C 与记忆呈负相关（r=-0.19，**p<0.01）。多变量回归分析一致表明，TG/HDL-C 比值与注意力-记忆综合评分呈负相关（标准化β=-0.99，t=-2.30，p=0.023）、记忆（标准化β=-0.83，t=-2.08，p=0.039）和注意力-执行功能（标准化β=-1.02，t=-2.42，p=0.017）。血浆肾上腺素水平与注意力-执行功能评分呈负相关（标准化β=-0.18，t=-2.19，p=0.030）。