Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
CHU Hospital Ste-Justine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Appetite. 2019 Jan 1;132:25-36. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.09.019. Epub 2018 Sep 29.
Across age groups, differences in connectivity of the mesolimbic and the prefrontal cortex co-vary with trait impulsivity and sensation-seeking. Impulsivity and sensation-seeking are also known to increase during early adolescence as maturation of subcortical structures outpaces that of the prefrontal cortex. While an imbalance between the striatum and prefrontal cortex is considered a normal developmental process, higher levels of adolescent impulsivity and sensation-seeking are associated with an increased risk for diverse problems, including obesity. To determine how the relationship between sensation-seeking, impulsivity and body mass index (BMI) is related to shared neural correlates we measured their relationships with the connectivity of nuclei in the striatum and dopaminergic midbrain in young adolescents. Data were collected from 116 children between the ages of 12 and 14, and included resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging, personality measures from the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale, and BMI Z-score for age. The shared variance for the connectivity of regions of interest in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, ventral striatum and sub-thalamic nucleus, personality measures and BMI Z-score for age, were analyzed using partial least squares correlation. This analysis identified a single significant striato-limbic network that was connected with the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area and sub-thalamic nuclei (p = 0.002). Connectivity within this network which included the hippocampi, amygdalae, parahippocampal gyri and the regions of interest, correlated positively with impulsivity and BMI Z-score for age and negatively with sensation-seeking. Together, these findings emphasize that, in addition to the well-established role that frontostriatal circuits play in the development of adolescent personality traits, connectivity of limbic regions with the striatum and midbrain also impact impulsivity, sensation-seeking and BMI Z-score in adolescents.
跨年龄组，中边缘系统和前额叶皮层的连接差异与特质冲动性和感觉寻求有关。冲动性和感觉寻求也已知在青春期早期增加，因为皮质下结构的成熟速度超过前额叶皮层。虽然纹状体和前额叶皮层之间的不平衡被认为是正常的发育过程，但青少年冲动性和感觉寻求水平较高与各种问题的风险增加有关，包括肥胖。为了确定感觉寻求、冲动性和体重指数 (BMI) 之间的关系与共享神经相关物的关系，我们测量了它们与年轻青少年纹状体核和中脑多巴胺能核的连接之间的关系。数据来自 116 名年龄在 12 至 14 岁之间的儿童，包括静息状态功能磁共振成像、物质使用风险特征量表的人格测量以及年龄的 BMI Z 分数。使用偏最小二乘相关分析对感兴趣区域的连接、物质黑质、腹侧被盖区、腹侧纹状体和亚丘脑核、人格测量和年龄的 BMI Z 分数的共同方差进行分析。该分析确定了一个与黑质、腹侧被盖区和亚丘脑核相连的单一显著纹状体边缘网络（p=0.002）。该网络内的连接性包括海马体、杏仁核、海马旁回和感兴趣区域，与冲动性和年龄的 BMI Z 分数呈正相关，与感觉寻求呈负相关。总之，这些发现强调，除了额纹状体回路在青少年人格特质发展中所起的既定作用外，边缘区域与纹状体和中脑的连接性也会影响青少年的冲动性、感觉寻求和 BMI Z 分数。
