Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
Planta. 2019 Feb;249(2):291-303. doi: 10.1007/s00425-018-3017-4. Epub 2018 Oct 1.
Most Paeonia species have epicotyl dormancy. Germination of peony seeds requires warm stratification for embryo growth and radicle protrusion followed by cold stratification for epicotyl growth. The genus Paeonia (Paeoniaceae) includes many popular ornamentals, has colorful flowers and contains several Chinese medicinal species. The germination protocol for seeds of Paeonia species is complex and impedes the breeding of new cultivars and contributes to the rarity and high cost of the plants. Although numerous reports on seed dormancy/germination in peonies are scattered throughout the literature, most of them are in Chinese. The primary aims of this paper are to provide a general overview of the available information on seed dormancy/germination in peonies and to make some suggestions regarding propagation for the peony industry and breeders. Most Paeonia species have epicotyl dormancy. The embryo is differentiated into organs, but it is underdeveloped (small) and must grow inside the seed before the radicle can emerge. Germination of peony seeds requires warm stratification for embryo growth and radicle protrusion followed by cold stratification for epicotyl growth. In addition, the epicotyl is sensitive to cold stratification only after the root has grown to a certain length. GA treatment enhances embryo growth and subsequent germination percentages. Further investigations on the physiology, genetics and proteomics would contribute to a better understanding of seed dormancy in Paeonia.
大多数牡丹属物种具有上胚轴休眠。牡丹种子的萌发需要经过温暖的层积处理以促进胚的生长和胚根的伸出，然后再经过冷层积处理以促进上胚轴的生长。牡丹属（芍药科）包括许多受欢迎的观赏植物，具有丰富多彩的花朵，并且包含几种中药材。牡丹属物种的种子萌发方案较为复杂，这阻碍了新栽培品种的培育，并导致植物的稀有性和高成本。尽管有关牡丹种子休眠/萌发的大量报道分散在文献中，但其中大多数是中文的。本文的主要目的是提供有关牡丹种子休眠/萌发的现有信息的概述，并就牡丹产业和育种者的繁殖提出一些建议。大多数牡丹属物种具有上胚轴休眠。胚胎分化出器官，但发育不全（小），必须在胚根伸出之前在种子内生长。牡丹种子的萌发需要经过温暖的层积处理以促进胚的生长和胚根的伸出，然后再经过冷层积处理以促进上胚轴的生长。此外，只有当根长到一定长度时，上胚轴才对冷层积敏感。GA 处理可增强胚胎的生长，从而提高随后的萌发率。进一步研究生理学、遗传学和蛋白质组学将有助于更好地理解牡丹种子的休眠。
