Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490 024, India.
University Teaching Department (Pharmacy), Sarguja University, Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh 497001, India.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019;14(2):127-136. doi: 10.2174/1574888X13666181002161700.
Stem cells are the specialized cell population with unique self-renewal ability and act as the precursor of all the body cells. Broadly, stem cells are of two types one is embryonic stem cells while the other is adult or somatic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are the cells of zygote of the blastocyst which give rise to all kind of body cells including embryonic cells, and it can reconstruct a complete organism. While the adult stem cells have limited differentiation ability in comparison with embryonic stem cells and it proliferates into some specific kind of cells. This unique ability of the stem cell makes it a compelling biomedical and therapeutic tool. Stem cells primarily serve as regenerative medicine for particular tissue regeneration or the whole organ regeneration in any physical injury or disease condition (like diabetes, cancer, periodontal disorder, etc.), tissue grafting and plastic surgery, etc. Along with this, it is also used in various preclinical and clinical investigations, biomedical engineering and as a potential diagnostic tool (such as the development of biomarkers) for non-invasive diagnosis of severe disorders. In this review article, we have summarized the application of stem cell as regenerative medicine and in the treatment of various chronic diseases.
干细胞是具有独特自我更新能力的特化细胞群体，是所有体细胞的前体细胞。广义上讲，干细胞有两种类型，一种是胚胎干细胞，另一种是成体或体干细胞。胚胎干细胞是囊胚的受精卵细胞，可产生包括胚胎细胞在内的所有种体细胞，并能重建完整的生物体。而成体干细胞与胚胎干细胞相比，分化能力有限，它会增殖成某种特定的细胞。干细胞的这种独特能力使其成为一种引人注目的生物医学和治疗工具。干细胞主要作为再生医学，用于特定组织的再生或任何物理损伤或疾病状态（如糖尿病、癌症、牙周病等）下的整个器官的再生、组织移植和整形手术等。此外，它还用于各种临床前和临床研究、生物医学工程以及作为一种潜在的诊断工具（如生物标志物的发展），用于非侵入性诊断严重疾病。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了干细胞在再生医学和治疗各种慢性疾病中的应用。
