Jayakrishnan Lekshmi, Sudhikumar Ambalaparambil Vasu, Aneesh Embalil Mathachan
Communicable Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, St. Joseph's College, Irinjalakuda, Kerala, India.
Department of Zoology, Christ College, Irinjalakuda, Kerala, India.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2018 Apr-Jun;55(2):69-78. doi: 10.4103/0972-9062.242567.
Mosquito-borne diseases are spreading at an alarming rate. Globally millions of deaths occur due to the diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, next to AIDS and tuberculosis. Several methods have been used to control these vectors and the diseases caused by them. Earlier studies have shown the potential role of mosquito gut inhabitants on disease transmission. Their findings can be used as an innovative approach for devising strategies to modify the survival of mosquitoes by reducing their lifespan, reproduction and disease transmission abilities. In this study, microbiome of the three genera of mosquitoes, namely Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex along with their vectorial capacity have been reviewed for assessing their role in mosquito control and transmission. Relevant articles were accessed using different databases, including LILACS, Embase, Science Direct and PubMed from inception to June 2017. The search keywords included "Aedes", "Anopheles", "Culex", "gut inhabitants", "vectors", and "mosquito". The titles, abstract, and keywords of the retrieved articles were screened, and eligible research articles were sorted. The review indicates that paratransgenesis may be considered as a versatile and effective strategy to eradicate the spurt of mosquito transmitting diseases. Enterobacter species is the most common type of gram-negative bacteria associated with the gut of all the three genera of mosquitoes. It was found to have a beneficial effect on humans as it helps in destroying dreadful disease-transmitting vectors. These symbiotic qualities of the microbes need to be thoroughly investigated further to reveal their antipathogenic effect on the vector.
蚊媒疾病正在以惊人的速度传播。在全球范围内，除艾滋病和结核病外，数百万的死亡是由蚊子传播的疾病导致的。人们已经采用了多种方法来控制这些病媒及其引发的疾病。早期研究表明，蚊子肠道内的微生物在疾病传播中具有潜在作用。他们的研究结果可作为一种创新方法，用于制定策略，通过缩短蚊子的寿命、繁殖能力和疾病传播能力来改变蚊子的生存状况。在本研究中，对伊蚊、按蚊和库蚊这三个属蚊子的微生物群落及其病媒能力进行了综述，以评估它们在蚊子控制和传播中的作用。使用了不同的数据库检索相关文章，包括拉丁美洲和加勒比地区卫生科学数据库（LILACS）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）、科学Direct数据库和PubMed数据库，检索时间从建库至2017年6月。检索关键词包括“伊蚊”“按蚊”“库蚊”“肠道微生物”“病媒”和“蚊子”。对检索到的文章的标题、摘要和关键词进行筛选，并对符合条件的研究文章进行分类。该综述表明，昆虫共生菌介导的转基因技术可被视为一种通用且有效的策略，以根除传播疾病的蚊子的激增。肠杆菌属是与这三个属蚊子肠道相关的最常见的革兰氏阴性菌类型。人们发现它对人类有有益作用，因为它有助于消灭可怕的疾病传播媒介。这些微生物的共生特性需要进一步深入研究，以揭示它们对病媒的抗病原作用。
