Soodmand J, Zeinali T, Kalidari G, Hashemitabar G, Razmyar J
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Medical Toxicology and Drug Abused Research Centre, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Arch Razi Inst. 2018 Sep;73(3):207-213. doi: 10.22092/ari.2017.108332.1089. Epub 2018 Sep 1.
Enterococci are Gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract of the mammals and birds. These cocci are isolated from urinary tract infections, bacteremia, endocarditis, and burn wounds in humans. The evolution of antibiotic-resistant enterococci raised a problem due to the possibility of the transmission of these organisms between poultry and human. Regarding this, the present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of Enterococcus species among companion birds and poultry in the Northeastern of Iran and determine the antibiotic susceptibility profile of enterococci. To this end, oral and cloacal swabs were collected from 150 caged birds. Antibiotic susceptibility profile was determined using the standard disk diffusion method. The results revealed that out of 150 samples, 56 (37.33%) cases contained enterococci. Most of the specimens (25.33%) were Enterococcus faecalis isolated from 6.66% of the samples. Additionally, 2.66% and 1.33% of the samples were contaminated with Enterococcus mundtii and Enterococcus gallinarum, respectively. Furthermore, Enterococcus malodoratus and Enterococcus raffinosus were isolated from 0.66% of the samples. The results revealed that all of the isolates of E. faecalis and E. faecium were resistant to more than five antimicrobial agents. Most of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates showed resistance to Cefazolin, Tiamulin, Flumequine, and Cephalexin. Accordingly, the majority of the isolates had multidrug resistance to the tested antibiotics. In conclusion, the presence of multidrug-resistant enterococci in the birds living close to humans requires thorough observations due to the transmission of these organisms to humans.
肠球菌是革兰氏阳性兼性厌氧菌，常见于哺乳动物和鸟类的胃肠道。这些球菌可从人类的尿路感染、菌血症、心内膜炎和烧伤创面中分离得到。由于这些微生物有可能在家禽和人类之间传播，耐抗生素肠球菌的进化引发了一个问题。关于这一点，本研究旨在评估伊朗东北部伴侣鸟和家禽中肠球菌属的流行情况，并确定肠球菌的抗生素敏感性谱。为此，从150只笼养鸟中采集口腔和泄殖腔拭子。采用标准纸片扩散法测定抗生素敏感性谱。结果显示，在150个样本中，有56个（37.33%）样本含有肠球菌。大多数标本（25.33%）为粪肠球菌，从6.66%的样本中分离得到。此外，分别有2.66%和1.33%的样本被蒙氏肠球菌和鹑鸡肠球菌污染。此外，从0.66%的样本中分离出恶臭肠球菌和棉子糖肠球菌。结果显示，所有粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌分离株对五种以上抗菌药物耐药。大多数粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌分离株对头孢唑林、替米考星、氟甲喹和头孢氨苄耐药。因此,大多数分离株对测试抗生素具有多重耐药性。总之，由于这些微生物会传播给人类，因此生活在人类附近的鸟类中存在多重耐药肠球菌需要进行彻底观察。
