Department of Health Sciences, Renal Division, University of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Renal Research Laboratory Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2018 Oct 1;33(suppl_3):iii28-iii34. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfy174.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a highly common complication and the first cause of death in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on haemodialysis (HD). In this population, mortality due to CVD is 20 times higher than in the general population and the majority of maintenance HD patients have CVD. This is likely due to ventricular hypertrophy as well as non-traditional risk factors, such as chronic volume overload, anaemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder and other aspects of the 'uraemic milieu'. Better understanding the impact of these numerous factors on CVD would be an important step for prevention and treatment. In this review we focus non-traditional CVD risk factors in HD patients.
心血管疾病（CVD）是终末期肾病（ESRD）血液透析（HD）患者的一种常见且严重的并发症，也是导致其死亡的首要原因。在这一人群中，心血管疾病导致的死亡率比普通人群高 20 倍，且大多数维持性 HD 患者都患有 CVD。这可能与心室肥厚以及非传统危险因素有关，如慢性容量超负荷、贫血、炎症、氧化应激、慢性肾脏病-矿物质和骨异常以及其他“尿毒症环境”因素有关。更好地了解这些众多因素对 CVD 的影响，将是预防和治疗的重要一步。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注 HD 患者的非传统 CVD 危险因素。
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