Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, China; Marine and Fishery Information & Monitoring Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, China.
Chemosphere. 2018 Dec;212:1163-1171. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.020. Epub 2018 Sep 4.
The residues and risks of heavy metals in the environment and organisms have attracted great concern for many years. However, the information on their long-term spatiotemporal trends and potential health and ecological risks are scarce. In this study, a total of 1815 seawater samples, 451 sediment samples, and 54 seafood samples were collected in Xiangshan Bay, China, between 2011 and 2016. The residue, distribution, seasonal variation, and potential health risks of seven heavy metals in seawater, sediment, and seafood were evaluated. Dissolved Zn (mean = 16.8 μg L) and Cu (mean = 3.4 μg L) concentrations were high in seawater. Sediments were mainly contaminated by Zn (mean = 120.8 mg kg) and Cr (mean = 81.7 mg kg). The highest levels of Cu and Zn were observed in Ostreidae with the concentrations of 84.3 and 99.0 mg kg, respectively. The Kendall test indicated that only As, Cu, Cd, and Hg showed decreasing trends in seawater with time and no significant temporal trends were identified for heavy metals in sediment between 2011 and 2016. Only As may pose non-carcinogenic risks to both adults and children in some seafood. These data provide a reliable reference for government to use in developing reasonable and scientific regulations on the ecological and food safety of this area.
多年来，环境和生物体内重金属的残留及其风险一直备受关注。然而，有关其长期时空趋势和潜在健康与生态风险的信息却十分匮乏。本研究于 2011 年至 2016 年在象山湾采集了 1815 个海水样本、451 个沉积物样本和 54 个海鲜样本，评估了海水中 7 种重金属、沉积物和海鲜中的残留量、分布、季节性变化及其潜在健康风险。海水中溶解态 Zn（平均值为 16.8μg/L）和 Cu（平均值为 3.4μg/L）浓度较高。沉积物主要受到 Zn（平均值为 120.8mg/kg）和 Cr（平均值为 81.7mg/kg）的污染。Cu 和 Zn 含量最高的海鲜为牡蛎科，浓度分别为 84.3 和 99.0mg/kg。Kendall 检验表明，仅 As、Cu、Cd 和 Hg 这 4 种重金属在海水中随时间呈下降趋势，2011 年至 2016 年间，沉积物中重金属无明显的时间趋势。某些海鲜中的 As 可能对成人和儿童具有非致癌风险。这些数据为政府制定该地区生态和食品安全的合理、科学法规提供了可靠的参考依据。
