Gardos G, Cole J O, Tarsy D
Am J Psychiatry. 1978 Nov;135(11):1321-4. doi: 10.1176/ajp.135.11.1321.
Withdrawal symptoms frequently follow abrupt discontinuation of antipsychotic compounds. In addition to other somatic symptoms, withdrawal-emergent dyskinesias may be observed. "Covert dyskinesia" refers to a masked form of tardive dyskinesia that becomes clinically detectable only after antipsychotic drugs are withdrawn or their dosage is reduced. Withdrawal dyskinesia appears under similar circumstances but disappears spontaneously in 6 to 12 weeks. Cholinergic overactivity and changes in dopamine-acetylcholine balance in the basal ganglia may underlie these withdrawal syndromes. The principal value of the concept of covert dyskinesia is in the secondary and tertiary prevention of tardive dyskinesia through early discovery and treatment.
抗精神病药物突然停药后常出现戒断症状。除其他躯体症状外，还可能观察到戒断后出现的运动障碍。“隐性运动障碍”是指迟发性运动障碍的一种隐匿形式，仅在停用抗精神病药物或降低其剂量后才在临床上可检测到。戒断性运动障碍在类似情况下出现，但在6至12周内会自行消失。胆碱能活动过度以及基底神经节中多巴胺 - 乙酰胆碱平衡的变化可能是这些戒断综合征的基础。隐性运动障碍概念的主要价值在于通过早期发现和治疗对迟发性运动障碍进行二级和三级预防。
