Yan Huaqing, Ying Yufan, Xie Haiyun, Li Jiangfeng, Wang Xiao, He Liujia, Jin Ke, Tang Jianer, Xu Xin, Zheng Xiangyi
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China,
Cancer Manag Res. 2018 Sep 21;10:3781-3791. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S175062. eCollection 2018.
Tobacco smoking has been widely acknowledged to be the most important risk factor for bladder cancer. However, whether secondhand smoking (SHS) increases the risk of bladder cancer still remains uncertain. We conducted a meta-analysis about the risk of bladder cancer and lifetime SHS and childhood SHS.
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to March 12, 2018, and checked references of the retrieved articles and relevant reviews to include 14 studies. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess this risk.
The pooled RR of 14 eligible studies based on the retrieved articles and relevant reviews illustrated a significantly increased risk of bladder cancer with RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.06-1.4. No heterogeneity or publication bias was found. But we need more evidence to prove a more reliable association between childhood SHS and bladder cancer.
There was a statistically significant 22% increased risk of bladder cancer for lifetime SHS exposure in nonsmoking patients compared with unexposed nonsmoking population. But the association between childhood SHS exposure compared with unexposed nonsmoking population was unclear. Further research should be conducted to confirm our findings and reveal the potential biological mechanisms.
吸烟已被广泛认为是膀胱癌最重要的危险因素。然而，二手烟（SHS）是否会增加膀胱癌风险仍不确定。我们对膀胱癌风险与终生二手烟暴露及儿童期二手烟暴露进行了一项荟萃分析。
我们检索了截至2018年3月12日的PubMed、EMBASE、科学网和中国知网，并检查了检索文章的参考文献及相关综述，纳入14项研究。采用相对风险（RR）和95%置信区间（CI）评估此风险。
基于检索文章及相关综述的14项合格研究的合并RR显示，膀胱癌风险显著增加，RR为1.22，95%CI为1.06 - 1.4。未发现异质性或发表偏倚。但我们需要更多证据来证明儿童期二手烟暴露与膀胱癌之间更可靠的关联。
与未暴露的非吸烟人群相比，非吸烟患者终生暴露于二手烟患膀胱癌的风险在统计学上显著增加22%。但儿童期二手烟暴露与未暴露的非吸烟人群之间的关联尚不清楚。应进行进一步研究以证实我们的发现并揭示潜在的生物学机制。
