de Oliveira Silvano Barbosa, Sabidó Meritxell, Pascom Ana Roberta Pati, Gisiviez Juliana Machado, Benzaken Adele Schwartz, Mesquita Fábio
1Department of STI, AIDS, and Viral Hepatitis, Brazil Ministry of Health, Brasília, DF Brazil.
2Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Avenida Pedro Teixeira 25, CEP: 69040-000 Manaus, AM Brazil.
Hepatol Med Policy. 2016 Apr 14;1:3. doi: 10.1186/s41124-016-0003-y. eCollection 2016.
Data were obtained from the third National Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of HIV and other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) (PCAP-2013) and used to describe the current state of viral hepatitis (VH) knowledge and screening as well as the prevalence of viral hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination in Brazil and to assess the factors associated with testing uptake.
A probability sample survey of 12,000 individuals (50 % men) aged between 15 and 64 years was conducted between October and December of 2013. The participants completed the survey in their own homes through computer-assisted face-to-face interviews and self-interviews. We analysed data related to self-reported knowledge of VH routes and screening uptake after weighting the variables to account for unequal selection probabilities and correct for differences in sex, age and region according to 2010 census figures.
The levels of correct knowledge regarding HBV and HCV transmission through unprotected sex were 33.1 and 34.3 %, respectively. The levels of correct knowledge regarding HBV and HCV transmission through tattooing/piercing were 26.4 and 24.5 %, respectively. Overall, 29 % of the respondents reported having underwent VH screening and 73.9 % reported prior HBV vaccination. VH screening was associated with the following factors: age between 25 and 49 years (adjusted male odds ratio (OR): 2.29, [95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.83-2.87]; female OR: 1.36, [95 % CI: 1.10-1.67]); age between 50 and 64 years (male OR: 1.52, [CI: 1.13-2.03]; female OR: 1.29, [CI: 1.02-1.63]); initial sexual intercourse before the age of 15 years in men (OR: 1.32, [CI: 1.10-1.57]); higher socioeconomic statuses of group A (male OR: 2.38, [CI: 1.81-3.13]; female OR: 2.10, [CI: 1.66-2.68]) and B (female OR: 1.56, [CI: 1.27-1.93]); and having ever been tested for HIV (male OR: 7.50, [CI: 5.82-8.53]; female OR: 7.13, [CI: 5.97-8.54]).
This study revealed low levels of knowledge regarding VH transmission and screening practices in the general Brazilian population, especially among younger individuals and those with lower socioeconomic status. Efforts to enhance awareness campaigns and expand testing sites are needed to remove barriers to testing.
数据来自第三次全国艾滋病毒及其他性传播感染知识、态度和行为调查（PCAP - 2013），用于描述巴西病毒性肝炎（VH）知识与筛查的现状、乙肝病毒（HBV）疫苗接种率，并评估与检测接受度相关的因素。
2013年10月至12月对12000名年龄在15至64岁之间的个体（50%为男性）进行了概率抽样调查。参与者通过计算机辅助面对面访谈和自我访谈在自己家中完成调查。在对变量进行加权以考虑不等的选择概率，并根据2010年人口普查数据校正性别、年龄和地区差异后，我们分析了与自我报告的VH传播途径知识和筛查接受度相关的数据。
关于通过无保护性行为传播HBV和HCV的正确知识水平分别为33.1%和34.3%。关于通过纹身/穿孔传播HBV和HCV的正确知识水平分别为26.4%和24.5%。总体而言，29%的受访者报告接受过VH筛查，73.9%的受访者报告曾接种过HBV疫苗。VH筛查与以下因素相关：年龄在25至49岁之间（调整后的男性优势比（OR）：2.29，[95%置信区间（CI）：1.83 - 2.87]；女性OR：1.36，[95% CI：1.10 - 1.67]）；年龄在50至64岁之间（男性OR：1.52，[CI：1.13 - 2.03]；女性OR：1.29，[CI：1.02 - 1.63]）；男性初次性行为发生在15岁之前（OR：1.32，[CI：1.10 - 1.57]）；A组（男性OR：2.38，[CI：1.81 - 3.13]；女性OR：2.10，[CI：1.66 - 2.68]）和B组（女性OR：1.56，[CI：1.27 - 1.93]）较高的社会经济地位；以及曾接受过HIV检测（男性OR：7.50，[CI：5.82 - 8.53]；女性OR：7.13，[CI：5.97 - 8.54]）。
本研究揭示了巴西普通人群中关于VH传播和筛查行为的知识水平较低，尤其是在年轻人和社会经济地位较低的人群中。需要努力加强宣传活动并扩大检测地点，以消除检测障碍。
