Cho Moon Kyoung
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
Chonnam Med J. 2018 Sep;54(3):153-158. doi: 10.4068/cmj.2018.54.3.153. Epub 2018 Sep 27.
While perimenopausal women have low fecundity, they are still capable of becoming pregnant and the majority of pregnancies occurring during perimenopause are unintended pregnancies. Therefore, even during perimenopause, contraception must be used if unintended pregnancies are to be avoided. However, many perimenopausal women and healthcare providers believe that older people should not take combined oral contraceptives (COC) because doing so may be dangerous. However, to date, there is no evidence that taking COC presents an increased risk of cardiovascular events or breast cancer for middle-aged women as compared to other age groups, and in their recommendations, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also do not list age itself as a contraindication for COC. Perimenopausal women often experience menstrual irregularity, heavy menstrual bleeding, and vasomotor symptoms. Taking COCs can help control these symptoms and significantly reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and colorectal cancer. The objective of the present review is to examine the usage methods of COC among perimenopausal women and the health issues that may arise from taking COC in perimenopausal women.
虽然围绝经期女性生育能力较低,但她们仍有怀孕的可能,而且围绝经期发生的大多数妊娠都是意外妊娠。因此,即使在围绝经期,如果要避免意外妊娠,也必须采取避孕措施。然而,许多围绝经期女性和医疗服务提供者认为,年龄较大的人不应服用复方口服避孕药(COC),因为这样做可能很危险。然而,迄今为止,没有证据表明与其他年龄组相比,中年女性服用COC会增加心血管事件或乳腺癌的风险,而且疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)在其建议中也未将年龄本身列为COC的禁忌证。围绝经期女性经常会出现月经不规律、月经过多和血管舒缩症状。服用COC有助于控制这些症状,并显著降低卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌和结直肠癌的风险。本综述的目的是研究围绝经期女性使用COC的方法以及服用COC可能给围绝经期女性带来的健康问题。