基于蛋白质的纳米颗粒在癌症疫苗开发中的应用。
Protein-based nanoparticles in cancer vaccine development.
机构信息
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
出版信息
Nanomedicine. 2019 Jan;15(1):164-174. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.09.004. Epub 2018 Oct 4.
Peptide and protein-based cancer vaccines usually fail to elicit efficient immune responses against tumors. However, delivery of these peptides and proteins as components within caged protein nanoparticles has shown promising improvements in vaccine efficacy. Advantages of protein nanoparticles over other vaccine platforms include their highly organized structures and symmetry, biodegradability, ability to be specifically functionalized at three different interfaces (inside and outside the protein cage, and between subunits in macromolecular assembly), and ideal size for vaccine delivery. In this review, we discuss different classes of virus-like particles and caged protein nanoparticles that have been used as vehicles to transport and increase the interaction of cancer vaccine components with the immune system. We review the effectiveness of these protein nanoparticles towards inducing and elevating specific immune responses, which are needed to overcome the low immunogenicity of the tumor microenvironment.
肽和蛋白质类癌症疫苗通常无法引发针对肿瘤的有效免疫反应。然而，将这些肽和蛋白质作为笼状蛋白纳米颗粒的组成部分进行递送已显示出在疫苗效力方面的显著改善。与其他疫苗平台相比，蛋白纳米颗粒具有以下优势：高度有序的结构和对称性、可生物降解性、能够在三个不同界面（蛋白笼内部和外部，以及大分子组装的亚基之间）进行特异性功能化，以及适合疫苗递送的理想尺寸。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了已被用作载体来运输和增加癌症疫苗成分与免疫系统相互作用的不同类型的病毒样颗粒和笼状蛋白纳米颗粒。我们综述了这些蛋白纳米颗粒在诱导和增强特异性免疫反应方面的有效性，这些免疫反应对于克服肿瘤微环境的低免疫原性是必需的。
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