United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Performance Division, 10 General Greene Avenue, Natick, MA, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Research Service, 180 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, USA.
United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Performance Division, 10 General Greene Avenue, Natick, MA, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720-A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Toxicol Lett. 2018 Dec 15;299:210-217. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.10.001. Epub 2018 Oct 5.
Wearing of permethrin treated clothing is becoming more prevalent in military and outdoor occupational and recreational settings, as a personal protection measure against vector borne diseases transmitted through arthropods (e.g., malaria, Lyme disease). The goal of the study was to prospectively examine permethrin exposure among new U.S. Army recruits who had just been issued permethrin-treated uniforms over a 10-week military training period and whether individual body composition (percent body fat, %BF) and physical workload (total energy expenditure, TEE) influenced the exposure. Exposure was assessed by quantification in urine of three permethrin metabolites, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), and cis- and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. Although there was individual variability, urinary concentrations and estimated dose levels decreased over the 10-week period. Mixed models demonstrated that 10% higher %BF was significantly associated with 4.42% higher 3-PBA concentrations and a 10% higher daily TEE was significantly associated with a 10.57% higher 3-PBA concentrations. Additional factors influencing exposure included sex, number of uniform launderings, and wear- time (hours per previous day).
穿着经拟除虫菊酯处理的衣物在军事和户外职业和娱乐环境中越来越普遍，作为一种针对通过节肢动物（例如疟疾、莱姆病）传播的虫媒病的个人保护措施。本研究的目的是前瞻性检查新入伍的美国陆军新兵在接受为期 10 周的军事训练期间刚刚发放的经拟除虫菊酯处理的制服期间的拟除虫菊酯暴露情况，以及个体身体成分（体脂肪百分比，%BF）和体力工作负荷（总能量消耗，TEE）是否影响暴露情况。通过尿液中三种拟除虫菊酯代谢物 3-苯氧基苯甲酸（3-PBA）以及顺式和反式 3-（2,2-二氯乙烯基）-2,2-二甲基环丙烷-1-羧酸的定量来评估暴露情况。尽管存在个体差异，但尿液浓度和估计剂量水平在 10 周内逐渐降低。混合模型表明，体脂肪百分比每增加 10%，3-PBA 浓度就会相应增加 4.42%，每日 TEE 每增加 10%，3-PBA 浓度就会相应增加 10.57%。影响暴露的其他因素包括性别、制服洗涤次数和穿着时间（前一天每小时）。
