Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan; Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018 Oct;142(4):1021-1031. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.08.007.
Allergic disease is characterized by marked day-night changes in the clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters of allergy. Recent reports suggest that the circadian clock, which drives a biological rhythm with a periodicity of approximately 24 hours in behavior and physiology, underpins a time of day-dependent variation in allergic reactions. New studies also suggest that disruption of clock activity not only influences temporal variation but can also enhance the severity of allergic reactions and even increase susceptibility to allergic disease. These findings suggest that the circadian clock is a potent regulator of allergic reactions that plays more than a simple circadian timekeeping role in allergy. A better understanding of these processes will provide new insight into previously unknown aspects of the biology of allergies and can lead to the application of clock modifiers to treat allergic disease. Finally, this area of research provides a novel opportunity to consider how modern lifestyles in the developed world are changing the clinical manifestations of allergy as our society quickly transforms into a circadian rhythm-disrupted society in which sleeping, working, and eating habits are out of sync with endogenous circadian rhythmicity. Such findings might reveal lifestyle interventions that enable us to better control allergic disease.
过敏疾病的临床症状和实验室参数具有明显的昼夜变化特征。最近的报告表明，生物钟驱动着行为和生理的大约 24 小时周期性的生物节律，是过敏反应的时间依赖性变化的基础。新的研究还表明，时钟活动的破坏不仅会影响时间变化，还会增强过敏反应的严重程度，甚至增加过敏疾病的易感性。这些发现表明，生物钟是过敏反应的一个有力调节者，它在过敏中发挥的作用不仅仅是简单的生物钟计时作用。更好地理解这些过程将为过敏生物学的未知方面提供新的见解，并可能导致应用时钟调节剂来治疗过敏疾病。最后，这一研究领域为考虑现代生活方式如何改变过敏的临床表现提供了一个新的机会，因为我们的社会正在迅速转变为一个与内源性昼夜节律不同步的生物钟紊乱社会，其中睡眠、工作和饮食习惯与内源性昼夜节律不同步。这些发现可能揭示出一些生活方式的干预措施，使我们能够更好地控制过敏疾病。
