Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam-UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Immunol Rev. 2018 Nov;286(1):74-85. doi: 10.1111/imr.12708.
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are the most well defined group of ILCs. ILC2 development is controlled by the GATA-3 transcription factor and these cells produce archetypal type 2 cytokines, such as IL-5 and IL-13. These cytokines mediate parasite expulsion and tissue repair, but also contribute to type 2 inflammatory diseases, including allergy, asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. In response to tightly regulated local environmental cues ILCs can generate characteristics of other subtypes, a process known as plasticity. Recent advances in the ILC2 field has led to the discovery that ILC2s can promptly shift to functional IFN-γ-producing ILC1s or IL-17-producing ILC3s, depending on the cytokines and chemokines produced by antigen presenting cells or epithelial cells. Due to yet unknown triggers, this complex network of signals may become dysregulated. In this review, we will discuss general ILC characteristic, ILC2 development, plasticity, memory function, and implications in disease.
2 型固有淋巴细胞 (ILC2) 是最明确的 ILC 群体。ILC2 的发育受 GATA-3 转录因子的控制，这些细胞产生典型的 2 型细胞因子，如 IL-5 和 IL-13。这些细胞因子介导寄生虫的排出和组织修复，但也导致 2 型炎症性疾病，包括过敏、哮喘和伴有鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎。在对严格调控的局部环境线索的反应中，ILC 可以表现出其他亚型的特征，这一过程被称为可塑性。最近在 ILC2 领域的进展发现，ILC2 可以迅速转变为具有功能性 IFN-γ产生能力的 ILC1 或产生 IL-17 的 ILC3，这取决于抗原呈递细胞或上皮细胞产生的细胞因子和趋化因子。由于未知的触发因素，这个复杂的信号网络可能会失调。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论一般的 ILC 特征、ILC2 的发育、可塑性、记忆功能以及在疾病中的意义。
