School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
The School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
Physiol Behav. 2019 Jan 1;198:18-26. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.10.005. Epub 2018 Oct 5.
A single bout of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) improves behavioural measures of cognitive function; however, investigations using event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine the systems that underlie these cognitive improvements are lacking. The reward positivity is a positive-going ERP component that indexes reward processing evoked by 'win' feedback and is a candidate marker of an underlying human reinforcement learning system. While HIIE improves behavioural measures of learning, it is unknown how HIIE affects the amplitude of the reward positivity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate how HIIE affects reward positivity amplitude in response to reward feedback in university students. Using a single-group randomly assigned counterbalance crossover design, 25 healthy university students performed HIIE and control visits on separate days. Electroencephalographic data was recorded before (pre-intervention) and 10 min after (post-intervention) the intervention period while participants played a novel gambling task. The HIIE intervention consisted of 4 separate body-weight exercises totaling 11 min in duration, including rest. The control visit intervention consisted of quietly watching a nature documentary for 11 min. Heart rate (HR) was measured at the same time intervals in both trials. Analysis revealed that HIIE significantly diminished the amplitude of the reward positivity whereas it remained unaffected in the control condition. HR was significantly higher following HIIE compared to control during post-intervention testing. These findings suggest that mechanisms of reinforcement learning are impaired shortly after HIIE cessation, possibly due to persistent, suboptimal arousal as evidenced by elevated HR post-HIIE.
单次高强度间歇训练（HIIE）可改善认知功能的行为测量指标；然而，使用事件相关电位（ERPs）来研究这些认知改善的潜在系统的研究还很少。奖励正波是一种正向的 ERP 成分，它反映了“赢”反馈引起的奖励处理，是潜在人类强化学习系统的候选标志物。虽然 HIIE 可以改善学习的行为测量指标，但尚不清楚 HIIE 如何影响奖励正波的振幅。因此，本研究的目的是探讨 HIIE 如何影响大学生对奖励反馈的奖励正波振幅。使用单组随机分配交叉设计，25 名健康大学生分别在不同的日子进行 HIIE 和对照访问。在干预期间和干预后 10 分钟，参与者在玩一种新的赌博任务时记录脑电图数据。HIIE 干预包括 4 种不同的体重练习，总持续时间为 11 分钟，包括休息。对照访问干预包括安静地观看 11 分钟的自然纪录片。在两次试验中，以相同的时间间隔测量心率（HR）。分析表明，HIIE 显著降低了奖励正波的振幅，而在对照条件下则不受影响。与对照相比，HIIE 后测试中的 HR 显著升高。这些发现表明，强化学习的机制在 HIIE 停止后不久就受到了损害，这可能是由于 HR 升高，即持续存在的、次优的唤醒所致。
