Colombo Massimo, Lleo Ana
Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Translational Research in Hepatology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano (MI), Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via R. Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele (MI), Italy.
Hepat Oncol. 2018 May 10;5(1):HEP03. doi: 10.2217/hep-2017-0024. eCollection 2018 Jan.
The development of nucleos(t)ide analogs and direct antiviral agents has revolutionized the management of chronic infection with HBV and HCV, respectively. These regimens allow to expand treatment to virtually all infected, including those with poor hepatic reserve and those with severe comorbidities. As a result, permanent suppression of HBV and eradication of HCV has been achieved in almost all treated patients, resulting in substantial clinical benefits. In several cohorts, these successes have translated into a reduction of the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma that was more frequently observed in patients with less advanced hepatitis, whereas liver cancer was more often associated with male gender, cirrhosis, alcohol abuse and diabetes.
核苷（酸）类似物和直接抗病毒药物的研发，分别彻底改变了慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的治疗方式。这些治疗方案使得治疗几乎能够扩展至所有感染者，包括那些肝脏储备功能差以及患有严重合并症的患者。结果，几乎所有接受治疗的患者都实现了HBV的长期抑制和HCV的清除，从而带来了显著的临床益处。在多个队列研究中，这些成功转化为肝细胞癌发病率的降低，在病情较轻的肝炎患者中这种情况更为常见，而肝癌则更常与男性、肝硬化、酗酒和糖尿病相关。
