Laboratory National Engineering For Animal Breeding/Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Department of animal husbandry, College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, China.
J Cell Biochem. 2019 Apr;120(4):5277-5286. doi: 10.1002/jcb.27802. Epub 2018 Oct 9.
The growth of pigs is an important economic trait that involves multiple genes and coordinated regulatory mechanisms. The growth rate and potential of skeletal muscles are largely decided by embryonic myofiber development. Tibetan pig (TP) that is a mini-type breed has a divergent phenotype in growth rate and adult body weight with Wujin pig (WJ) and large White pig (LW). In the current study, the transcriptome (using RNA-seq) and proteome (using the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification [iTRAQ]) data from the prenatal muscle tissues were analyzed to identify the genes related to postnatal growth rate and growth potential in pigs. In the RNA-seq experiment, 19 626 genes were detected in the embryonic muscle tissues, and 3626 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in TP in comparison to that in LW and WJ. In the iTRAQ experiment, 2474 proteins were detected, and 735 unique differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in TP in comparison to that in LW and WJ. Combining the DEGs and DEPs, 209 genes were found to be differentially expressed, consistently at both the messenger RNA and protein levels, between TP and the other two breeds; these are mainly involved in 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism, citrate cycle, and biosynthesis of amino acids. Of these, 20 genes that were related to myoblast differentiation and muscle fiber formation might have important roles in determining the postnatal growth rate and potential body weight in pigs. Our results provide new candidate genes and insights into the molecular mechanisms involved muscle growth traits in pigs.
猪的生长是一个重要的经济性状，涉及多个基因和协调的调节机制。骨骼肌的生长速度和潜力在很大程度上取决于胚胎肌纤维的发育。藏猪（TP）是一种小型品种，其生长速度和成年体重与五指山猪（WJ）和大白猪（LW）存在明显差异。本研究利用 RNA-seq 和 iTRAQ 技术对产前肌肉组织的转录组和蛋白质组进行分析，以鉴定与猪后代生长速度和生长潜力相关的基因。在 RNA-seq 实验中，在胚胎肌肉组织中检测到 19626 个基因，在 TP 与 LW 和 WJ 相比，鉴定出 3626 个独特的差异表达基因（DEGs）。在 iTRAQ 实验中，检测到 2474 种蛋白质，在 TP 与 LW 和 WJ 相比，鉴定出 735 个独特的差异表达蛋白质（DEPs）。将 DEGs 和 DEPs 相结合，在 TP 与其他两个品种之间，在信使 RNA 和蛋白质水平上一致地发现了 209 个差异表达基因，这些基因主要参与 2-氧羧酸代谢、柠檬酸循环和氨基酸的生物合成。其中，20 个与成肌细胞分化和肌纤维形成有关的基因可能在决定猪的后代生长速度和潜在体重方面具有重要作用。我们的研究结果为猪肌肉生长性状的分子机制提供了新的候选基因和见解。
