Centre for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Early Childhood Education, Education University of Hong Kong, Taipo, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 10;13(10):e0205561. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205561. eCollection 2018.
This study aimed to investigate prevalence and associated factors of influenza vaccination (IV) among children aged 12-23 months. Our cross-sectional survey interviewed 489 parents of children aged 12-23 months anonymously at twelve maternal and child health centers in Hong Kong. Results showed that only 11.5% of the children had ever received IV (64.3% being subsidized). Adjusted for the child's age, significant factors of the children's IV included parental knowledge about governmental policy/recommendation (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.64, 95%CI = 1.09,6.40), knowledge about annual IV requirement (AOR = 2.30, 95%CI = 1.21,4.38), perceived safety-related barrier (AOR≥0.14, 95%CI = 0.06,0.33), cue to action (AOR = 7.79, 95%CI = 3.45,17.58), and subjective norm (AOR = 4.59, 95%CI = 2.34,9.00). IV prevalence of children aged 12-23 months remained low despite a subsidization scheme. The higher IV prevalence of older children reported by other studies suggested that parents postponed action. Promotion campaigns should shift emphases from cost reduction and mass media approaches to dissemination of knowledge about IV policy and safety, enhancement of health professionals' advice, and creation of supportive subjective norm.
本研究旨在调查 12-23 个月儿童流感疫苗接种（IV）的流行情况和相关因素。我们的横断面调查在香港的 12 家母婴保健中心匿名采访了 489 名 12-23 个月儿童的家长。结果显示，只有 11.5%的儿童曾经接受过 IV（64.3%是补贴的）。调整儿童年龄后，儿童 IV 的显著因素包括父母对政府政策/建议的了解（调整后的优势比[OR] = 2.64，95%可信区间[CI] = 1.09，6.40），对每年 IV 需求的了解（OR = 2.30，95%CI = 1.21，4.38），感知到与安全性相关的障碍（OR≥0.14，95%CI = 0.06，0.33），提示行动（OR = 7.79，95%CI = 3.45，17.58）和主观规范（OR = 4.59，95%CI = 2.34，9.00）。尽管有补贴计划，但 12-23 个月儿童的 IV 接种率仍然很低。其他研究报告的年龄较大的儿童的 IV 接种率较高表明父母推迟了行动。推广活动应将重点从降低成本和大众媒体方法转移到传播 IV 政策和安全性知识、增强卫生专业人员的建议以及创造支持性的主观规范上。
