Gyne-Oncology Unit, Department of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
Department of Radiology, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2018 Oct;143 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):109-117. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12618.
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer in women today. It is surgically staged, and while surgery is the primary treatment modality, the identification of disease extent-in particular extrauterine spread-prior to surgery is important to optimize treatment decision making. Ultrasound and MRI are useful for evaluating the extent of local disease, while CT and PET are used for detecting lymph node or distant metastases. Diffusion-weighted MRI has also been used for detecting small metastatic deposits in lymph nodes and omentum. Extrauterine soft tissue involvement can be detected by ultrasound, CT, MRI, and PET. Recently, intraoperative visualization techniques, such as sentinel lymph node mapping, are increasingly used to avoid extensive surgical staging without compromising treatment. Imaging is also used for planning adjuvant treatment and detection of postoperative residual disease in high-risk patients, monitoring and detecting recurrent disease, and in post-treatment surveillance of asymptomatic patients with high risk of relapse.
子宫内膜癌是当今女性最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤。它采用手术分期，虽然手术是主要的治疗方式，但在术前确定疾病的范围，特别是子宫外的扩散情况，对于优化治疗决策非常重要。超声和 MRI 可用于评估局部疾病的范围，而 CT 和 PET 则用于检测淋巴结或远处转移。扩散加权 MRI 也用于检测淋巴结和大网膜中较小的转移性沉积物。子宫外软组织受累可通过超声、CT、MRI 和 PET 检测到。最近，术中可视化技术，如前哨淋巴结绘图，越来越多地用于避免广泛的手术分期而不影响治疗。影像学还用于计划辅助治疗和检测高危患者术后残留疾病，监测和检测复发性疾病，并在有高复发风险的无症状患者的治疗后进行随访。
