Friesen Deanna C, Haigh Corinne A
Faculty of Education, University of Western Ontario.
School of Education, Bishop's University.
Can J Exp Psychol. 2018 Dec;72(4):264-276. doi: 10.1037/cep0000155. Epub 2018 Oct 11.
The present study investigated the impact of language proficiency and executive control (EC) ability on cross-language semantic activation using an English semantic priming lexical-decision task. Primes were either English-French homographs (i.e., words that share spelling but not meaning, e.g., pain means "bread" in French; related trial) or matched control words (e.g., pale; unrelated trial). Type of Priming was either translation (e.g., pain-BREAD) or cross-language associative (e.g., pain-BUTTER). A living/nonliving judgment task and a colour Stroop task measured individual differences in language proficiency and EC, respectively. Reaction time (RT) data from 58 bilingual young adults were analysed using linear mixed-effects modelling. Experimental variables (Type of Priming, relatedness), and individual-differences variables (English language proficiency, EC ability) served as fixed variables. Unlike previous studies on cross-language semantic activation, the current study included EC ability as an individual difference variable and found that it interacted with language proficiency to impact associative priming performance. Linear mixed-effects models for associative priming revealed that participants with slow English access exhibited increased positive priming from homographs, whereas individuals with fast lexical access experienced negative priming. Furthermore, these effects were exaggerated for individuals with poor EC. No effects of individual difference variables were observed on translation priming. These results suggest that theories of bilingual word recognition need to incorporate individual difference variables beyond language proficiency. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究使用英语语义启动词汇判断任务，调查了语言熟练度和执行控制（EC）能力对跨语言语义激活的影响。启动刺激词要么是英法同形异义词（即拼写相同但意义不同的词，例如，pain在法语中意为“面包”；相关试验），要么是匹配的控制词（例如，pale；不相关试验）。启动类型要么是翻译（例如，pain - BREAD），要么是跨语言联想（例如，pain - BUTTER）。一项有生命/无生命判断任务和一项颜色斯特鲁普任务分别测量了语言熟练度和EC方面的个体差异。使用线性混合效应模型分析了58名双语青年成人的反应时间（RT）数据。实验变量（启动类型、相关性）和个体差异变量（英语语言熟练度、EC能力）作为固定变量。与以往关于跨语言语义激活的研究不同，本研究将EC能力作为个体差异变量，发现它与语言熟练度相互作用，影响联想启动效应的表现。联想启动效应的线性混合效应模型显示，英语提取速度较慢的参与者，同形异义词产生的正向启动效应增加，而词汇提取速度快的个体则经历负向启动效应。此外，对于EC能力较差的个体，这些效应更为明显。未观察到个体差异变量对翻译启动效应有影响。这些结果表明，双语单词识别理论需要纳入除语言熟练度之外的个体差异变量。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2018美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
