Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, People's Republic of China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
Clin Nutr. 2019 Oct;38(5):2195-2201. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.09.018. Epub 2018 Sep 26.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The association between circulating n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biomarkers and incident type 2 diabetes in Asian populations remains unclear. We aimed to examine the association of erythrocyte n-3 PUFA with incident type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population.
A total of 2671 participants, aged 40-75 y, free of type 2 diabetes at baseline, were included in the present analysis. Incident type 2 diabetes cases (n = 213) were ascertained during median follow-up of 5.6 years. Baseline erythrocyte fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography. We used multivariable Cox regression models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of type 2 diabetes across quartiles of erythrocyte n-3 PUFA.
After adjustment for potential confounders, HRs (95% CIs) of type 2 diabetes were 0.68 (0.47, 1.00), 0.77 (0.52, 1.15), and 0.63 (0.41, 0.95) in quartiles 2-4 of docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n-3) (P-trend = 0.07), compared with quartile 1; and 1.08 (0.74, 1.60), 1.03 (0.70, 1.51), and 0.57 (0.38, 0.86) for eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3) (P-trend = 0.007). No association was found for docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3) or alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3).
Erythrocyte n-3 PUFA from marine sources (C22:5n-3 and C20:5n-3), as biomarkers of dietary marine n-3 PUFA, were inversely associated with incident type 2 diabetes in this Chinese population. Future prospective investigations in other Asian populations are necessary to confirm our findings.
循环中 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）生物标志物与亚洲人群 2 型糖尿病发病风险之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨中国人红细胞 n-3 PUFA 与 2 型糖尿病发病风险的关系。
共纳入 2671 名年龄在 40-75 岁、基线时无 2 型糖尿病的参与者。在中位随访 5.6 年后，确定了 213 例 2 型糖尿病病例。通过气相色谱法测量红细胞脂肪酸。我们使用多变量 Cox 回归模型来估计红细胞 n-3 PUFA 四分位数与 2 型糖尿病风险的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
在校正潜在混杂因素后，二十二碳五烯酸（C22:5n-3）四分位 2-4 组的 2 型糖尿病 HR（95%CI）分别为 0.68（0.47，1.00）、0.77（0.52，1.15）和 0.63（0.41，0.95）（P 趋势=0.07），与四分位 1 相比；而二十碳五烯酸（C20:5n-3）的 HR（95%CI）分别为 1.08（0.74，1.60）、1.03（0.70，1.51）和 0.57（0.38，0.86）（P 趋势=0.007）。二十二碳六烯酸（C22:6n-3）或α-亚麻酸（C18:3n-3）与 2 型糖尿病无关。
红细胞来源的 n-3 PUFA（C22:5n-3 和 C20:5n-3）作为饮食中海鱼油 n-3 PUFA 的生物标志物，与中国人 2 型糖尿病发病风险呈负相关。有必要在其他亚洲人群中进行前瞻性研究来证实我们的发现。
