Fink Dustin M, Doss Grayson A, Sladky Kurt K, Mans Christoph
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2018 Nov 1;253(9):1146-1150. doi: 10.2460/javma.253.9.1146.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the sedative effects of a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine differed when it was administered IM in a hind limb versus a forelimb of leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius). DESIGN Randomized crossover study. ANIMALS 9 healthy adult leopard geckos. PROCEDURES Each gecko received a combination of dexmedetomidine (0.1 mg/kg [0.045 mg/lb]) and ketamine (10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb]; DK), IM, in a forelimb and hind limb in a randomized order and with a 7-day interval between treatments. All geckos received atipamezole (1 mg/kg [0.45 mg/lb], SC) 45 minutes after DK administration. Palpebral and righting reflexes, jaw tone, and superficial pain and escape responses were each assessed on a 3-point scale, and the scores for those variables were summed to calculate a sedation score. Those variables and heart and respiratory rates were evaluated at predetermined times before and for 1 hour after DK administration. RESULTS For the forelimb treatment, mean sedation score was higher and mean heart rate was lower than the corresponding values for the hind limb treatment at most time points after DK administration. The righting reflex remained intact for all 9 geckos following the hind limb treatment but became absent in 7 geckos following the forelimb treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that the extent of DK-induced sedation was greater when the combination was injected IM in a forelimb versus a hind limb of leopard geckos, likely owing to a hepatic first-pass effect following hind limb injection. In reptiles, IM hind limb administration of drugs that undergo hepatic metabolism and excretion is not recommended.
目的 评估右美托咪定与氯胺酮联合用药经肌肉注射给予豹纹守宫（豹纹壁虎，Eublepharis macularius）后肢与前肢时，其镇静效果是否存在差异。 设计 随机交叉研究。 动物 9只健康成年豹纹守宫。 方法 每只守宫按随机顺序在前肢和后肢肌肉注射给予右美托咪定（0.1 mg/kg [0.045 mg/lb]）与氯胺酮（10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb]；DK）的组合，两次治疗间隔7天。所有守宫在给予DK后45分钟皮下注射阿替美唑（1 mg/kg [0.45 mg/lb]）。分别采用3分制评估眼睑反射、翻正反射、咬肌紧张度、浅痛觉和逃避反应，并将这些变量的评分相加计算镇静评分。在给予DK前的预定时间以及给药后1小时内的预定时间评估这些变量以及心率和呼吸频率。 结果 对于前肢治疗，在给予DK后的大多数时间点，平均镇静评分高于后肢治疗的相应值，且平均心率低于后肢治疗的相应值。后肢治疗后所有9只守宫的翻正反射均保持完整，但前肢治疗后有7只守宫的翻正反射消失。 结论及临床意义 结果表明，将DK组合经肌肉注射给予豹纹守宫前肢时，其诱导的镇静程度大于后肢给药，这可能是由于后肢注射后存在肝首过效应。在爬行动物中，不建议经肌肉注射在后肢给予经肝脏代谢和排泄的药物。
