女性比男性具有更强体液免疫的进化：对疫苗效力的影响。
The evolution of greater humoral immunity in females than males: implications for vaccine efficacy.
作者信息
Fink Ashley L, Klein Sabra L
机构信息
W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
出版信息
Curr Opin Physiol. 2018 Dec;6:16-20. doi: 10.1016/j.cophys.2018.03.010. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
Abstract
Males and females differ in their effector and memory immune responses to foreign and self-antigens. The difference in antibody responses (i.e., humoral immunity), in particular, is one of the most well conserved sex differences in immunology. Certain sex differences in humoral immunity are present throughout life, whereas others are only apparent after puberty and prior to reproductive senescence, suggesting that both genes and hormones are involved. Importantly, these sex-based differences in humoral immunity contribute to variation in the responses to vaccines and may explain some disparities in vaccine efficacy between the sexes. Elevated humoral immunity in females compared with males is phylogenetically well conserved, suggesting an adaptive advantage of elevated antibody for reproductive success, including for the transfer of protective antibodies to offspring.
摘要
男性和女性对外源和自身抗原的效应和记忆免疫反应存在差异。尤其是抗体反应（即体液免疫）的差异，是免疫学中最保守的性别差异之一。体液免疫中的某些性别差异在一生中都存在，而其他差异仅在青春期后和生殖衰老前才明显，这表明基因和激素都参与其中。重要的是，体液免疫中基于性别的这些差异导致了对疫苗反应的差异，并可能解释了两性在疫苗效力方面的一些差异。与男性相比，女性较高的体液免疫在系统发育上得到了很好的保留，这表明抗体升高对生殖成功具有适应性优势，包括将保护性抗体传递给后代。
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