a Harvard Medical School initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology , Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.
Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2018 Nov;22(11):929-939. doi: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1535594. Epub 2018 Oct 17.
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of small non-coding RNA that play a major role in various cellular processes by negatively regulating gene expression. In the past decade, miRNA dysregulation has been reported to be closely linked to inflammatory diseases. The immune response modulates cancer initiation and progression; miRNAs including let-7 family members have been shown to act as key regulators of the immune responses in various diseases and cancers. Notably, the let-7 miRNA has been reported to be closely associated with immunity, specifically with Toll-like receptors that mediate cytokine expression during pathogen infection and with the regulation of various other immune effectors. Areas covered: In this review, the authors describe the discovery of let-7 as the starting point of the RNA revolution and highlight let-7 as an efficient tool for cancer and immune therapy. Expert opinion: let-7 miRNA has emerged as a key player in cancer therapy and immune responses and it has potential role as a new immunotherapeutic target. However, while there are challenges regarding miRNA delivery, the exciting emergence of personalized medicine for cancer and immunotherapy could be beneficial for the development of let-7 therapeutics.
微小 RNA（miRNA）是一类小的非编码 RNA，通过负调控基因表达在各种细胞过程中发挥主要作用。在过去的十年中，已经报道 miRNA 失调与炎症性疾病密切相关。免疫反应调节癌症的发生和进展；包括 let-7 家族成员在内的 miRNA 已被证明是各种疾病和癌症中免疫反应的关键调节剂。值得注意的是，let-7 miRNA 与免疫密切相关，特别是与 Toll 样受体，在病原体感染期间介导细胞因子表达，以及调节各种其他免疫效应物。涵盖领域：在这篇综述中，作者描述了 let-7 的发现作为 RNA 革命的起点，并强调 let-7 作为癌症和免疫治疗的有效工具。专家意见：let-7 miRNA 已成为癌症治疗和免疫反应的关键参与者，并且具有作为新的免疫治疗靶标的潜力。然而，尽管 miRNA 递送存在挑战，但癌症和免疫治疗的个性化医学的出现可能对 let-7 治疗学的发展有益。
