Hendrickson A E, Movshon J A, Eggers H M, Gizzi M S, Boothe R G, Kiorpes L
J Neurosci. 1987 May;7(5):1327-39. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.07-05-01327.1987.
We studied the effects of early unilateral blur on the anatomical organization of the visual pathways in 8 macaque monkeys. Blur was induced in one eye, beginning 2-14 d after birth, by 0.5% atropine twice a day. Atropinization was stopped at 6-8 months of age, and the animals were studied for anatomy 3-24 months later. The retina and all other eye tissues showed normal histology. In the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), cells in parvocellular layers receiving input from the atropine-treated eye were 9-32% smaller and were more lightly stained than those in layers innervated by the untreated eye. These changes were generally larger in the LGN ipsilateral to the treated eye. LGN cell size changes were absent or much smaller in the magnocellular layers. In the striate cortex, the distribution of the oxidative enzyme cytochrome oxidase (CO) was markedly altered in layer 4C beta. Layer 4C beta is uniformly stained in normal animals, but showed a distinct pattern of alternating high and low CO bands in the atropine-treated animals; the bands of higher CO activity were narrower than the bands of lower activity and had a 857-1050 micron repeat. Fainter banding was seen in layers 4A, 4C alpha, and 6, but the density of the rows of dark CO-stained dots in layer 3 was unaffected. Double-labeling revealed that the narrow dark CO bands were associated with the centers of the ocular dominance columns devoted to the atropine-treated eye. The distribution of 14C-2-deoxyglucose uptake in visual cortex produced by 4.5-9 c/deg spatial frequency stimulation was strongly biased toward the untreated eye. The treated eye could, however, elicit reasonably strong uptake when stimulated with patterns containing lower spatial frequencies. These results suggest that unilateral neonatal blur preferentially affects the parvocellular layers of the LGN and layer 4C beta of striate cortex, which are the portions of the central visual system associated with the processing of information concerning fine spatial detail. These anatomical changes are consistent with the high spatial frequency loss of vision demonstrated behaviorally and electrophysiologically in the atropine eye-driven visual system of these same animals.
我们研究了早期单侧模糊对8只猕猴视觉通路解剖结构的影响。在出生后2 - 14天开始，每天两次用0.5%阿托品诱导一只眼睛产生模糊。阿托品化在6 - 8个月龄时停止，3 - 24个月后对这些动物进行解剖学研究。视网膜和所有其他眼组织显示组织学正常。在背侧外侧膝状体核（LGN）中，接受阿托品处理眼输入的小细胞层中的细胞比未处理眼支配层中的细胞小9 - 32%，且染色更浅。这些变化在与处理眼同侧的LGN中通常更大。大细胞层中LGN细胞大小变化不存在或小得多。在纹状皮质中，氧化酶细胞色素氧化酶（CO）在4Cβ层的分布明显改变。4Cβ层在正常动物中均匀染色，但在阿托品处理的动物中呈现出明显的高CO带和低CO带交替的模式；较高CO活性带比低活性带窄，且有857 - 1050微米的重复周期。在4A、4Cα和6层可见较淡的条带，但3层中深色CO染色点行的密度未受影响。双重标记显示，狭窄的深色CO带与专门用于阿托品处理眼的眼优势柱中心相关。由4.5 - 9周/度空间频率刺激产生的视觉皮质中14C - 2 - 脱氧葡萄糖摄取分布强烈偏向未处理眼。然而，当用包含较低空间频率的模式刺激时，处理眼能够引发相当强烈的摄取。这些结果表明，单侧新生儿模糊优先影响LGN的小细胞层和纹状皮质的4Cβ层，它们是中枢视觉系统中与精细空间细节信息处理相关的部分。这些解剖学变化与在这些相同动物的阿托品眼驱动视觉系统中行为学和电生理学上显示的高空间频率视力丧失一致。
