Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Department of Sport Management, University of Lynchburg College, Lynchburg, Virginia,
Horm Res Paediatr. 2018;90(4):213-220. doi: 10.1159/000493646. Epub 2018 Oct 18.
This report illustrates the links between history, sport, endocrinology, and genetics to show the ways in which historical context is key to understanding the current conversations and controversies about who may compete in the female category in elite sport. The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) introduced hyperandrogenemia regulations for women's competitions in 2011, followed by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) for the 2012 Olympics. The policies concern female athletes who naturally produce higher-than-average levels of testosterone and want to compete in the women's category. Hyperandrogenemia guidelines are the current effort in a long series of attempts to determine women's eligibility scientifically. Scientific endeavors to control who may participate as a woman illustrate the impossibility of neatly classifying competitors by sex and discriminate against women with differences of sex development (also called intersex by some).
本报告阐明了历史、体育、内分泌学和遗传学之间的联系，以展示历史背景对于理解当前关于谁可以在精英体育中的女性类别中竞争的讨论和争议的重要性。国际田径联合会（IAAF）于 2011 年为女子比赛引入了高睾丸素血症规定，随后国际奥林匹克委员会（IOC）也在 2012 年奥运会上采用了这些规定。这些政策涉及自然产生高于平均水平睾丸素的女性运动员，她们希望在女子类别中竞争。高睾丸素血症指南是目前科学界努力确定女性资格的长期系列尝试之一。控制谁可以作为女性参加的科学努力说明了通过性别整洁地分类参赛者是不可能的，并歧视具有性别发育差异（有些人也称为间性）的女性。
