Di Ning, Zhang Kai, Zhang Fan, Wang Su, Liu Tong-Xian
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China.
Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Physiol. 2018 Oct 4;9:1392. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01392. eCollection 2018.
Herbivores respond differently to the level of plant diversity encountered. Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are highly polyphagous herbivores which cause considerable damage to various crops. Herein, we reared this species both in polyculture and monoculture, including preferred and less preferred host plants such as Chinese cabbage ( L.), tomato ( L.), kidney bean ( L.) and summer squash ( L.). Trends in survival and oviposition were recorded, and impact of plants on growth and development of were studied, particularly in terms of detoxification and digestive enzymatic activity in the insects. We found that the survival rate was the highest in Chinese cabbage monoculture treatment. Further, the egg numbers on individual species in the polyculture generally reflected numbers on the same plant species in monoculture. However, more eggs were observed in each of the four plant species tested in the context of polyculture. The activity of superoxide dismutases (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in fed in a choice situation were significantly lower than those fed with tomato monoculture, indicating a dilution of toxicity with a multi-plant diet compared with less preferred host plant diet. Also, the survival rate of in monoculture was negatively correlated with SOD amount of whitefly. In the plants attacked by whiteflies, the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and catalase (CAT) in Chinese cabbage was lower in polyculture than in the monoculture. These results implied that multi-plant treatments contained fewer secondary metabolite substances and might be less toxic to polyphagous herbivores. As such, the work herein contributes knowledge relevant for more effective control and management of .
食草动物对所遇到的植物多样性水平反应不同。烟粉虱（半翅目：粉虱科）是高度多食性的食草动物，会对各种作物造成相当大的损害。在此，我们在混栽和单作条件下饲养了这种昆虫，包括其偏好和不太偏好的寄主植物，如大白菜（芸苔属）、番茄（番茄属）、菜豆（菜豆属）和西葫芦（南瓜属）。记录了其存活和产卵趋势，并研究了植物对烟粉虱生长发育的影响，特别是昆虫体内解毒和消化酶活性方面的影响。我们发现，在大白菜单作处理中，烟粉虱的存活率最高。此外，混栽中单个物种上的卵数总体上反映了单作中同一植物物种上的卵数。然而，在混栽环境下测试的四种植物中的每一种上都观察到了更多的卵。在有选择的情况下取食的烟粉虱体内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）的活性显著低于以番茄单作饲养的烟粉虱，这表明与不太偏好的寄主植物饮食相比，多植物饮食可稀释毒性。此外，单作中烟粉虱的存活率与粉虱体内SOD含量呈负相关。在受到粉虱侵害的植物中，大白菜在混栽中的多酚氧化酶（PPO）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性低于单作。这些结果表明，多植物处理中次生代谢物物质较少，可能对多食性食草动物毒性较小。因此，本文的工作为更有效地防治烟粉虱提供了相关知识。
