Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Nutr Diet. 2019 Apr;76(2):184-191. doi: 10.1111/1747-0080.12480. Epub 2018 Oct 19.
To investigate the association between patterns of nutrient intake and serum lipids in Chinese women aged 18-80 years.
In the present study, cross-sectional data were analysed from 2886 female participants aged 18-80 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey wave 2009. Nutrient patterns were identified using factor analysis combined with cluster analysis based on the data of nutrient intake for three consecutive days. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the association of nutrient patterns with serum lipids.
Four nutrient patterns were identified in Chinese adult women, which were the plant-based pattern, carbohydrate and animal fat pattern, plant fat and sodium pattern, and the animal-based pattern. Participants following different patterns varied significantly in sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviours and food consumption. Compared with the plant-based pattern, the carbohydrate and animal fat pattern was positively associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 4.57, 95% CI: 0.29-8.85, P = 0.036) and total cholesterol (β = 4.89, 95% CI: 0.34-9.44, P = 0.035). The corresponding rises for the animal-based pattern were 4.91 (95% CI: 0.99-8.82, P = 0.014) and 4.98 (95% CI: 0.82-9.15, P = 0.019), respectively.
Nutrient patterns with a high intake of animal fat and a low intake dietary fibre and with high intakes of animal fat, animal protein and cholesterol may increase the serum cholesterol in Chinese women.
探讨中国 18-80 岁女性营养素摄入模式与血脂的关系。
本研究分析了 2009 年中国健康与营养调查中 2886 名 18-80 岁女性的横断面数据。基于连续 3 天的营养素摄入量，采用因子分析结合聚类分析确定营养素模式。采用多元线性回归模型估计营养素模式与血清脂质的关系。
中国成年女性中确定了 4 种营养素模式，分别为植物性模式、碳水化合物和动物脂肪模式、植物脂肪和钠模式以及动物性模式。不同模式的参与者在社会人口特征、生活方式行为和食物消费方面存在显著差异。与植物性模式相比，碳水化合物和动物脂肪模式与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（β=4.57，95%置信区间：0.29-8.85，P=0.036）和总胆固醇（β=4.89，95%置信区间：0.34-9.44，P=0.035）呈正相关。动物性模式的相应升高分别为 4.91（95%置信区间：0.99-8.82，P=0.014）和 4.98（95%置信区间：0.82-9.15，P=0.019）。
高动物脂肪和低膳食纤维摄入、高动物脂肪、动物蛋白和胆固醇摄入的营养素模式可能会增加中国女性的血清胆固醇。
