Osuntokun B O, Adeuja A O, Schoenberg B S, Bademosi O, Nottidge V A, Olumide A O, Ige O, Yaria F, Bolis C L
Acta Neurol Scand. 1987 Jan;75(1):13-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb07883.x.
In a Nigerian town with a stable population of 20,000, a door-to-door survey was conducted, using a questionnaire involving a complete census and a simple neurological evaluation which had previously showed a 95% sensitivity and an 80% specificity for detecting neurological disease. Positive responders were evaluated and categorised, using agreed criteria for diagnoses. Nearly 100% cooperation was obtained. Life prevalence ratio for at least one episode of headache was 51/1000. Crude point prevalence ratio for migrainous headache was 5.3/100, and peak age-specific ratio was in the first decade. Prevalence ratio for epilepsy was 533/100,000 and peak age-specific prevalence ratio occurred in the 5-14 years age groups. The prevalence ratio for peripheral nerve disorders was 268/100,000, and age-specific prevalence ratio for tropical neuropathy increased with age. Prevalence ratio for stroke was rather low at 58/100,000, but was probably due to the people's attitude to the disabled elderly and high mortality of stroke which showed annual mortality rate of 70/100,000 which increased with age to 1519/100,000 per year in the eighth decade. Crude prevalence ratios (cases per 100,000) for others are 112 for neurological complications (including sciatica) of spondylosis, 15 each for poliomyelitis, motor neurone disease, development speech disorders, 10 each for syncope, hereditary neuropathies. Parkinson's disease, benign essential tremor, primary cerebellar degeneration, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, organic psychosis (probable intracranial tumor) and 5 each for muscular dystrophy, pyomyositis, spina bifida occulta, alcohol dependence and cerebral malaria. The implications of the findings are important for development of community neurological services in the developing countries.
在尼日利亚一个拥有2万稳定人口的城镇，进行了一项挨家挨户的调查，使用了一份包含全面普查和简单神经学评估的问卷，该问卷先前显示在检测神经疾病方面具有95%的灵敏度和80%的特异度。对阳性应答者进行评估并分类，采用商定的诊断标准。获得了近100%的合作。至少有一次头痛发作的终生患病率为51/1000。偏头痛的粗点患病率为5.3/100，特定年龄组的峰值患病率出现在第一个十年。癫痫的患病率为533/100,000，特定年龄组的峰值患病率出现在5至14岁年龄组。周围神经疾病的患病率为268/100,000，热带神经病的特定年龄患病率随年龄增长而增加。中风的患病率相当低，为58/100,000，但这可能是由于人们对残疾老年人的态度以及中风的高死亡率，中风的年死亡率为70/100,000，在第八个十年增加到每年1519/100,000。其他疾病的粗患病率（每100,000例）分别为：脊柱关节病的神经并发症（包括坐骨神经痛）为112例，小儿麻痹症、运动神经元病、发育性言语障碍各为15例，晕厥、遗传性神经病、帕金森病、良性特发性震颤、原发性小脑变性、脑瘫、智力迟钝、器质性精神病（可能为颅内肿瘤）各为10例，肌肉萎缩症、脓性肌炎、隐性脊柱裂、酒精依赖和脑型疟疾各为5例。这些研究结果对于发展中国家社区神经学服务的发展具有重要意义。
