Saha Shankar Prasad, Bhattacharya Sushanta, Das Shyamal Kumar, Maity Bibekananda, Roy Trishit, Raut Deepak Kumar
Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurology, Kolkata 700025.
J Indian Med Assoc. 2003 May;101(5):299-300, 302-4.
The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of neurological diseases in a rural community in Eastern India through a community based survey with the help of trained doctors following on WHO protocol (1981) translated in local vernacular, among 20842 rural residents (male-11037, female-9805, census India-1991, the State of West Bengal in Eastern India) over a period of one yearfrom May 1992 to April 1993 in two phases. Professionals screened the patients by house to house survey in the first phase and later on they were examined in details in temporary clinics in second phase. A total of 606 patients were identified and classified according to well-defined diagnostic criteria. The commonest diseases per 100,000 were headache: 870, vertebral diseases with neurological involvement: 540, seizure disorders: 360, vertigo: 230, stroke: 147, movement disorders: 140, peripheral neuropathy: 80. The age and sex specific prevalence showed increasing frequency of neurological disorders with advancing age in both genders excepting slight dip in the fourth and fifth decades among females. In the present study prevalence of headache, epilepsy, stroke and Parkinson's disease was lower than that of in the Western countries. Different inclusion criteria, multiethnicity, different environmental factors, poor medical facility and insufficient number of aged population may be responsible for lower prevalence of chronic neurological disorders as compared to Western countries. Increase in the life expectancy in future will lead to increasing burden of chronic neurological diseases in absolute term in Indian society considering the one billion population at present.
该研究旨在通过一项基于社区的调查来确定印度东部一个农村社区神经疾病的患病率。在经过培训的医生的帮助下，按照翻译成当地方言的世界卫生组织协议（1981年），于1992年5月至1993年4月的一年时间内分两个阶段，对20842名农村居民（男性11037名，女性9805名，印度1991年人口普查数据，印度东部的西孟加拉邦）进行了调查。专业人员在第一阶段通过挨家挨户的调查对患者进行筛查，随后在第二阶段在临时诊所对他们进行详细检查。总共识别出606名患者，并根据明确的诊断标准进行分类。每10万人中最常见的疾病有：头痛870例、伴有神经受累的脊柱疾病540例、癫痫发作障碍360例、眩晕230例、中风147例、运动障碍140例、周围神经病变80例。年龄和性别特异性患病率显示，除女性在第四和第五个十年略有下降外，两性中神经疾病的发病率均随着年龄的增长而增加。在本研究中，头痛、癫痫、中风和帕金森病的患病率低于西方国家。与西方国家相比，不同的纳入标准、多种族、不同的环境因素、医疗设施差以及老年人口数量不足可能是慢性神经疾病患病率较低的原因。考虑到目前印度有10亿人口，未来预期寿命的增加将导致印度社会慢性神经疾病的绝对负担增加。
