Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom.
Cognition. 2019 Jan;182:184-192. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2018.10.010. Epub 2018 Oct 16.
Studies on joint task performance have proposed that co-acting individuals co-represent the shared task context, which implies that actors integrate their co-actor's task components into their own task representation as if they were all their own task. This proposal has been supported by results of joint tasks in which each actor is assigned a single response where selecting a response is equivalent to selecting an actor. The present study used joint task switching, which has previously shown switch costs on trials following the actor's own trial (intrapersonal switch costs) but not on trials that followed the co-actor's trial (interpersonal switch costs), suggesting that there is no task co-representation. We examined whether interpersonal switch costs can be obtained when action selection and actor selection are confounded as in previous joint task studies. The present results confirmed this prediction, demonstrating that switch costs can occur within a single actor as well as between co-actors when there is only a single response per actor, but not when there are two responses per actor. These results indicate that task co-representation is not necessarily implied even when effects occur across co-acting individuals and that how the task is divided between co-actors plays an important role in determining whether effects occur between co-actors.
关于联合任务表现的研究提出，共同作用的个体共同表示共享的任务环境，这意味着参与者将他们的共同参与者的任务组件整合到他们自己的任务表示中，就好像它们都是他们自己的任务一样。这一建议得到了联合任务结果的支持，在这些任务中，每个参与者被分配一个单一的反应，选择反应就相当于选择一个参与者。本研究使用了联合任务转换，之前的研究表明，在参与者自己的试验之后的试验中存在转换成本（个体内转换成本），但在共同参与者的试验之后的试验中不存在转换成本（人际间转换成本），这表明不存在任务共同表示。我们研究了当动作选择和参与者选择像以前的联合任务研究中那样混淆时，是否可以获得人际间转换成本。本研究结果证实了这一预测，表明当每个参与者只有一个反应时，无论是在单个参与者内还是在共同参与者之间都可以发生转换成本，但当每个参与者有两个反应时则不行。这些结果表明，即使在共同作用的个体之间出现效果，任务共同表示也不一定是隐含的，而且任务在共同参与者之间的划分在决定是否在共同参与者之间出现效果方面起着重要作用。
