Yamaguchi Motonori, Wall Helen J, Hommel Bernhard
Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire, L39 4QP, UK.
Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Psychol Res. 2017 Nov;81(6):1166-1177. doi: 10.1007/s00426-016-0813-y. Epub 2016 Oct 15.
It has been suggested that actors co-represent a shared task context when they perform a task in a joint fashion. The present study examined the possibility of co-representation in joint task switching, in which two actors shared two tasks that switched randomly across trials. Experiment 1 showed that when an actor performed the tasks individually, switch costs were obtained if the actors responded on the previous trial (go trial), but not if they did not respond (no-go trial). When two actors performed the tasks jointly, switch costs were obtained if the actor responded on the previous trial (actor-repeat trials) but not if the co-actor responded (actor-switch trials). In Experiment 2, a single actor performed both tasks of the joint condition to test whether the findings of Experiment 1 were due to the use of different response sets by the two actors. Switch costs were obtained for both repetitions and alternations of the response set, which rules out this possibility. Taken together, our findings provided little support for the idea that actors co-represent the task sets of their co-actors.
有人提出，当参与者以联合方式执行任务时，他们会共同呈现一个共享的任务情境。本研究考察了在联合任务切换中共同呈现的可能性，在联合任务切换中，两个参与者共享两个在不同试验中随机切换的任务。实验1表明，当一个参与者单独执行任务时，如果该参与者在前一次试验中做出反应（执行试验），则会出现切换成本，但如果他们没有做出反应（不执行试验），则不会出现切换成本。当两个参与者联合执行任务时，如果该参与者在前一次试验中做出反应（参与者重复试验），则会出现切换成本，但如果共同参与者做出反应（参与者切换试验），则不会出现切换成本。在实验2中，一个参与者执行联合条件下的两个任务，以测试实验1的结果是否是由于两个参与者使用了不同的反应集。对于反应集的重复和交替都获得了切换成本，这排除了这种可能性。综上所述，我们的研究结果几乎没有支持参与者共同呈现其共同参与者的任务集这一观点。
