Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles.
David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2019 Dec 27;8(6):531-538. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piy099.
Transient immunosuppression and increased susceptibility to other infections after measles infection is well known, but recent studies have suggested the occurrence of an "immune amnesia" that could have long-term immunosuppressive effects.
We examined the association between past measles infection and acute episodes of fever, cough, and diarrhea among 2350 children aged 9 to 59 months whose mothers were selected for interview in the 2013-2014 Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). Classification of children who had had measles was completed using maternal recall and measles immunoglobulin G serostatus obtained via dried-blood-spot analysis with a multiplex immunoassay. The association with time since measles infection and fever, cough, and diarrhea outcomes was also examined.
The odds of fever in the previous 2 weeks were 1.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-2.60) among children for whom measles was reported compared to children with no history of measles. Measles vaccination demonstrated a protective association against selected clinical markers of acute infectious diseases.
Our results suggest that measles might have a long-term effect on selected clinical markers of acute infectious diseases among children aged 9 to 59 months in the DRC. These findings support the immune-amnesia hypothesis suggested by others and underscore the need for continued evaluation and improvement of the DRC's measles vaccination program.
麻疹感染后会短暂抑制免疫功能，使机体更容易感染其他病原体，这一点广为人知。但最近的研究表明，麻疹感染后还可能出现“免疫遗忘”，从而产生长期的免疫抑制作用。
我们研究了过去麻疹感染与 2350 名 9 至 59 月龄儿童急性发热、咳嗽和腹泻之间的关系。这些儿童的母亲参加了 2013-2014 年刚果民主共和国（刚果（金））人口与健康调查（DHS），我们对其进行了访谈。麻疹感染的分类采用母亲回忆法和麻疹免疫球蛋白 G 血清学状态（通过多重免疫分析法从干血斑样本中获得）进行。同时还检验了麻疹感染与发热、咳嗽和腹泻结果之间的时间关联。
与无麻疹病史的儿童相比，报告有麻疹感染史的儿童在过去 2 周内发热的几率为 1.80（95%置信区间[CI]，1.25-2.60）。麻疹疫苗接种对急性传染病的某些临床标志物具有保护作用。
我们的研究结果表明，麻疹感染可能对刚果（金）9 至 59 月龄儿童的某些急性传染病的临床标志物产生长期影响。这些发现支持了其他人提出的免疫遗忘假说，并强调需要持续评估和改进刚果（金）的麻疹疫苗接种计划。
