Xiao Hanbo, Tao Cheng-An, Li Yujiao, Chen Xianzhe, Huang Jian, Wang Jianfang
College of Liberal Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2018 Oct 19;8(10):854. doi: 10.3390/nano8100854.
Herein, a facile dopamine assisted one-pot synthesis approach is proposed for the preparation of porous carbon with a specific surface area (SSA) up to 2593 m²/g through the direct pyrolysis of a mixture of glucose, NH₄Cl, and dopamine hydrochloride (DAH). The glucose is adopted as the carbon source and foaming agent, NH₄Cl is used as the blowing agent, and DAH is served as collaborative carbon precursor as well as the nitrogen source for the first time. The effect of dopamine on the component, structure, and SSA of the as-prepared porous carbon materials are systematically studied. The moderate addition of dopamine, which influences the condensation and polymerization of glucose, matches better with ammonium salt decomposition. The SSA of porous carbon increases first and then decreases with the increasing amount of dopamine. In our case, the porous carbon produced with 5 wt% dopamine (PC-5) achieves the maximum SSA of up to 2593 m²/g. Accordingly, it also shows the greatest electrochemical performance. The PC-5 shows a capacitance of 96.7 F/g calculated from the discharge curve at 1 A/g. It also has a good capacitive rate capacity, the specific capacitance can still maintain 80%, even at a high current density of 10 A/g. Moreover, PC-5 exhibits a good cycling stability of 98.1% capacitive retention after 1000 cycles. The proposed method may show promising prospects for preparing porous carbon materials as advanced energy storage materials, storage, and catalyst supports.
本文提出了一种简便的多巴胺辅助一锅合成法，通过直接热解葡萄糖、氯化铵和盐酸多巴胺（DAH）的混合物来制备比表面积（SSA）高达2593 m²/g的多孔碳。葡萄糖用作碳源和发泡剂，氯化铵用作发泡剂，DAH首次用作协同碳前驱体以及氮源。系统研究了多巴胺对所制备的多孔碳材料的组成、结构和比表面积的影响。适量添加多巴胺会影响葡萄糖的缩合和聚合，与铵盐分解更匹配。多孔碳的比表面积随着多巴胺用量的增加先增大后减小。在我们的研究中，含5 wt%多巴胺制备的多孔碳（PC-5）达到了高达2593 m²/g的最大比表面积。相应地，它也表现出最佳的电化学性能。PC-5在1 A/g的放电曲线下计算得到的电容为96.7 F/g。它还具有良好的倍率性能，即使在10 A/g的高电流密度下，比电容仍能保持80%。此外，PC-5在1000次循环后表现出良好的循环稳定性，电容保持率为98.1%。所提出的方法在制备作为先进储能材料、储存材料和催化剂载体的多孔碳材料方面可能具有广阔的前景。
