Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, School of Human Movement and Education, Campus 2-6, 8017 CA, Zwolle, the Netherlands.
Altrecht Psychosomatic Medicine, Vrijbaan 2, 3705 WC, Zeist, the Netherlands.
BMC Psychiatry. 2018 Oct 22;18(1):346. doi: 10.1186/s12888-018-1928-z.
Although body-related problems are common in patients with somatoform disorder, research focusing on how patients with somatoform disorder perceive and evaluate their body is scarce. The present study compared differences in body image between patients with somatoform disorder and respondents from a general population sample. It also examined differences within the somatoform disorder group between men and women and between the diagnostic subgroups conversion disorder, pain disorder and undifferentiated somatoform disorder.
Data were obtained from 657 patients (67.5% female) with somatoform disorder (DSM-IV-TR 300.7, 300.11, 300.81, 300.82) and 761 participants (58.6% female) from the general population. The Dresden Body Image Questionnaire (DBIQ) was used to assess body image in five domains: body acceptance, vitality, physical contact, sexual fulfilment, and self-aggrandizement. Confirmatory factor analysis and analyses of variance were performed. Since differences in age and sex were found between the somatoform disorder sample and the comparison sample, analyses were done with two samples of 560 patients with somatoform disorder and 351 individuals from the comparison sample matched on proportion of men and women and age.
Patients scored significantly lower than the comparison sample on all DBIQ domains. Men scored higher than women. Patients with conversion disorder scored significantly higher on vitality and body acceptance than patients with undifferentiated somatoform disorder and pain disorder.
The mostly large differences in body image between patients with somatoform disorder and the comparison sample as well as differences between diagnostic subgroups underline that body image is an important feature in patients with somatoform disorder. The results indicate the usefulness of assessing body image and treating negative body image in patients with somatoform or somatic symptom disorder.
尽管躯体形式障碍患者常存在与躯体相关的问题，但目前针对该类患者如何感知和评价自身躯体的研究却很少。本研究比较了躯体形式障碍患者与一般人群样本在体像方面的差异，并进一步分析了躯体形式障碍患者组内性别间、转换障碍亚组、疼痛障碍亚组和未分化躯体形式障碍亚组间的差异。
本研究的数据来自于 657 名躯体形式障碍患者（女性占 67.5%）和 761 名一般人群对照者（女性占 58.6%）。采用德累斯顿体像问卷（Dresden Body Image Questionnaire，DBIQ）评估五个体像维度：身体接受度、活力、身体接触、性满足和自我夸大。进行验证性因子分析和方差分析。由于躯体形式障碍组和对照组在年龄和性别上存在差异，因此进一步在两组匹配了年龄和性别比例的样本中（各 560 名患者和 351 名对照者）进行了分析。
躯体形式障碍患者在 DBIQ 所有维度上的评分均显著低于对照组。男性的评分显著高于女性。转换障碍患者在活力和身体接受度维度上的评分显著高于未分化躯体形式障碍和疼痛障碍患者。
躯体形式障碍患者与对照组在体像方面存在显著差异，不同诊断亚组间也存在差异，这表明体像在躯体形式障碍患者中是一个重要特征。研究结果提示，评估体像和治疗躯体形式障碍或躯体症状障碍患者的负面体像可能是有用的。
