Solomito Matthew J, Garibay Erin J, Nissen Carl W
Center for Motion Analysis, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
Elite Sports Medicine, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2018 Oct 16;6(10):2325967118800240. doi: 10.1177/2325967118800240. eCollection 2018 Oct.
The trunk is a major contributor to the kinetic chain during baseball pitching by helping to transfer energy from the lower limbs to produce the desired ball speed. However, most of the research detailing the trunk's contribution to the pitch is focused on rotational timing and coronal plane lean, with little attention focused on sagittal plane positioning of the trunk.
To determine the association between sagittal plane trunk motion and elbow varus moment and ball velocity in collegiate baseball pitchers.
Descriptive laboratory study.
A total of 99 collegiate pitchers were recruited for this study and underwent a comprehensive biomechanical assessment of their pitching motion using 3-dimensional motion techniques. A random-intercepts, mixed-effects regression model was used to determine whether statistically significant associations were noted between sagittal plane trunk motion and the ball velocity and elbow varus moment.
There were a number of significant associations between sagittal plane trunk tilt and the elbow varus moment and ball velocity. Increased forward trunk tilt at the time of ball release was associated with an increase in elbow varus moment and a small increase in ball velocity; for every 10° of increased forward trunk tilt greater than 28° at ball release, the elbow varus moment increased by 2.9 N·m ( = .007), and the ball velocity increased by 0.7 m/s ( = .002).
Sagittal plane positioning of the trunk plays a role in pitching mechanics, as it can affect both pitching performance and elbow moments. The results also indicated that there is a potential optimal trunk position and range of motion during the acceleration of the pitch that could limit the stress placed on the elbow joint. Implementing proper trunk mechanics from an early age could lead to a reduction in joint moments.
The results provide evidence for coaches and trainers to emphasize the importance of proper trunk positioning through the inclusion of core strengthening and motor control in their practice and coaching sessions in an effort to reduce the moments placed on the elbow during the pitch.
在棒球投球过程中，躯干是动力链的主要组成部分，它有助于将下肢的能量传递出去，以产生所需的球速。然而，大多数详细描述躯干对投球贡献的研究都集中在旋转时机和冠状面倾斜度上，很少关注躯干在矢状面的位置。
确定大学棒球投手矢状面躯干运动与肘内翻力矩和球速之间的关联。
描述性实验室研究。
本研究共招募了99名大学投手，并使用三维运动技术对他们的投球动作进行了全面的生物力学评估。采用随机截距混合效应回归模型来确定矢状面躯干运动与球速和肘内翻力矩之间是否存在统计学上的显著关联。
矢状面躯干倾斜与肘内翻力矩和球速之间存在许多显著关联。在球释放时，躯干向前倾斜增加与肘内翻力矩增加以及球速小幅增加相关；在球释放时，每增加10°大于28°的向前躯干倾斜，肘内翻力矩增加2.9 N·m（P = .007），球速增加0.7 m/s（P = .002）。
躯干在矢状面的位置在投球力学中起作用，因为它会影响投球表现和肘部力矩。结果还表明，在投球加速过程中存在一个潜在的最佳躯干位置和运动范围，这可能会限制施加在肘关节上的应力。从小就实施正确的躯干力学可以减少关节力矩。
这些结果为教练和训练师提供了证据，以强调在训练和指导课程中纳入核心强化和运动控制，从而正确调整躯干位置的重要性，以减少投球过程中施加在肘部的力矩。
