Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (ICAQF-UNIFESP), Diadema, Brazil.
Research Centre for Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX), Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil.
Phytother Res. 2019 Jan;33(1):167-173. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6210. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
Cynara scolymus is a plant used both as food as well as medicinal plant worldwide. Cynarin is one of the main active principles of the plant, and it is also present in species such as Echinacea purpurae, which is known to have immunomodulatory activity. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the immune effects of C. scolymus in rats. Rats were treated with 1.0-, 2.0-, or 4.0-g/kg body weight of C. scolymus extract for 28 days. Haemogram, serum biochemistry, lymphoid organs weight, and their cell phenotypes were evaluated. Macrophages and neutrophils oxidative burst, specific humoral immune response, and the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) were studied. No changes in the haemogram, biochemical profile, antibody titers, lymphoid organs, and in their cellularities were observed. An increase in the basal activity of reactive oxygen species from male's macrophage was observed. There was a suppression of the DTH response in both gender when treated with the highest dose of C. scolymus. This study is the first in the literature that revealed an immunosuppressive effect of C. scolymus. We also verified that the doses of artichoke extract here employed did not cause general toxicity.
朝鲜蓟是一种在全世界范围内既作为食物又作为药用植物使用的植物。水飞蓟宾是该植物的主要活性成分之一，也存在于诸如紫锥菊等物种中，紫锥菊被认为具有免疫调节活性。因此，本研究的目的是评估朝鲜蓟在大鼠中的免疫作用。大鼠用 1.0、2.0 或 4.0 g/kg 体重的朝鲜蓟提取物处理 28 天。评估血象、血清生化、淋巴器官重量及其细胞表型。研究了巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞的氧化爆发、特异性体液免疫反应和迟发型超敏反应（DTH）。未观察到血象、生化谱、抗体滴度、淋巴器官及其细胞数量发生变化。雄性巨噬细胞的基础活性氧物种活性增加。当用最高剂量的朝鲜蓟处理时，两性的 DTH 反应均受到抑制。这是文献中首次报道朝鲜蓟具有免疫抑制作用。我们还验证了此处使用的朝鲜蓟提取物剂量没有引起一般毒性。
