Schweiger Gallo Inge, Rodríguez Monter Miryam, Álvaro-Estramiana José Luis, Durán Juan Ignacio, Fernández-Dols José-Miguel
Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain).
Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (Spain).
Span J Psychol. 2018 Oct 25;21:E45. doi: 10.1017/sjp.2018.40.
The Spanish term grima refers to the aversive emotional experience typically evoked when one hears, for example, a scratch upon a chalkboard. Whereas Spanish speakers can distinguish between the concepts of grima and disgust, English and German speakers lack a specific word for this experience and typically label grima as disgust. In the present research, we tested the degree of differentiation between the two aversive experiences in Spanish speakers. Study 1 addressed whether Spanish speakers apply spontaneously the term grima rather than disgust to grima-eliciting experiences. Study 2 systematically addressed the constitutive features of both grima and disgust by mapping their internal structures. Results showed that the noise of a chulk on a blackboard and scraping fingernails on a blackboard, along with the physical manifestation of goose bumps, were the most typical features of the category. Whereas both grima and disgust were characterized as unpleasant sensations, t(193) = 1.21, ns, they differed with respect to their physiological signatures (e.g., producing shivers was characteristic of grima, as compared to disgust, t(194) = 12.02, p = .001, d = 1.72) and elicitors (e.g., a fractured bone was a characteristic elicitor of grima; t(193) = 5.78, p = .001, d = .83, whereas pederasts and pedophiles were the most characteristic elicitor of disgust, t(193) = 8.46, p = .001, d = 1.21). Thus, both grima and disgust are conceptually different experiences, whose shared features hold different degrees of typicality. The present research suggests that grima and disgust are two distinct emotion concepts.
西班牙语术语“grima”指的是一种厌恶的情感体验,通常在人们听到,比如黑板上的刮擦声时被唤起。说西班牙语的人能够区分“grima”和“厌恶”这两个概念,而说英语和德语的人没有一个专门的词来形容这种体验,通常将“grima”标记为“厌恶”。在本研究中,我们测试了说西班牙语的人对这两种厌恶体验的区分程度。研究1探讨了说西班牙语的人是否会自发地用“grima”而非“厌恶”来描述引发“grima”的体验。研究2通过描绘它们的内部结构,系统地探讨了“grima”和“厌恶”的构成特征。结果表明,粉笔在黑板上的声音以及用指甲刮黑板的声音加上起鸡皮疙瘩的身体表现,是该类别中最典型的特征。虽然“grima”和“厌恶”都被描述为不愉快的感觉,t(193) = 1.21,无显著差异,但它们在生理特征方面有所不同(例如,与“厌恶”相比,发抖是“grima”的特征,t(194) = 12.02,p = .001,d = 1.72),以及引发因素方面也不同(例如,骨折是引发“grima”的典型因素;t(193) = 5.78,p = .001,d = .83,而恋童癖者是引发“厌恶”的最典型因素,t(193) = 8.46,p = .001,d = 1.21)。因此,“grima”和“厌恶”在概念上是不同的体验,它们的共同特征具有不同程度的典型性。本研究表明,“grima”和“厌恶”是两个不同的情感概念。