Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Dis Model Mech. 2018 Oct 24;11(10):dmm036236. doi: 10.1242/dmm.036236.
Metastatic disease is the leading cause of death in cancer patients. Metastasis formation involves a cascade of events for which the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. During the metastatic cascade, cancer cells tightly interact with the immune system and they influence each other, both in the tumor microenvironment and systemically. The crosstalk between cancer and immune cells adds another layer of complexity to our understanding of metastasis formation, but at the same time opens new therapeutic opportunities for cancer patients. The intensifying development of immunotherapeutic strategies calls for a better understanding of immune regulation of metastasis in order to maximize the therapeutic benefit for patients with metastatic disease. In this Review and accompanying poster, we describe the main mechanisms of immune regulation of metastasis that have been reported to date, and present promising immunotherapeutic options that are currently available, or may become so in the near future, to tackle metastasis.
转移性疾病是癌症患者死亡的主要原因。转移的形成涉及一系列事件，其潜在机制仍知之甚少。在转移级联反应中，癌细胞与免疫系统紧密相互作用，并在肿瘤微环境和全身系统中相互影响。癌症和免疫细胞之间的串扰为我们理解转移的形成增加了另一层复杂性，但同时也为癌症患者带来了新的治疗机会。免疫治疗策略的不断发展需要更好地了解免疫对转移的调节，以便最大限度地提高转移性疾病患者的治疗效益。在这篇综述和配套海报中，我们描述了迄今为止报道的免疫调节转移的主要机制，并提出了目前可用的或在不久的将来可能成为转移性疾病治疗手段的有前途的免疫治疗选择。
