Chow Enoch C, Etnier Jennifer L
Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA.
J Sport Health Sci. 2017 Mar;6(1):81-88. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2015.12.007. Epub 2016 Jan 5.
Dissociative attentional stimuli (e.g., music, video) are effective in decreasing ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during low-to-moderate intensity exercise, but have inconsistent results during exercise at higher intensity. The purpose of this study was to assess attentional focus and RPE during high-intensity exercise as a function of being exposed to music, video, both (music and video), or a no-treatment control condition.
During the first session, healthy men ( = 15) completed a maximal fitness test to determine the workload necessary for high-intensity exercise (operationalized as 125% ventilatory threshold) to be performed during subsequent sessions. On 4 subsequent days, they completed 20 min of high-intensity exercise in a no-treatment control condition or while listening to music, watching a video, or both. Attentional focus, RPE, heart rate, and distance covered were measured every 4 min during the exercise.
Music and video in combination resulted in significantly lower RPE across time (partial = 0.36) and the size of the effect increased over time (partial = 0.14). Additionally, music and video in combination resulted in a significantly more dissociative focus than the other conditions (partial = 0.29).
Music and video in combination may result in lower perceived exertion during high-intensity exercise when compared to music or video in isolation. Future research will be necessary to test if reductions in perceived exertion in response to dissociative attentional stimuli have implications for exercise adherence.
解离性注意力刺激（如音乐、视频）在低至中等强度运动期间能有效降低主观用力感觉评分（RPE），但在高强度运动期间结果并不一致。本研究的目的是评估在高强度运动期间，作为暴露于音乐、视频、两者（音乐和视频）或无治疗对照条件的函数的注意力焦点和RPE。
在第一次会话期间，健康男性（n = 15）完成一次最大体能测试，以确定在后续会话中进行高强度运动（定义为通气阈值的125%）所需的工作量。在随后的4天里，他们在无治疗对照条件下或在听音乐、看视频或两者同时进行的情况下完成20分钟的高强度运动。在运动期间每4分钟测量一次注意力焦点、RPE、心率和运动距离。
音乐和视频结合在整个时间段内导致显著更低的RPE（偏η² = 0.36），且效果大小随时间增加（偏η² = 0.14）。此外，音乐和视频结合导致的解离性焦点比其他条件显著更多（偏η² = 0.29）。
与单独的音乐或视频相比，音乐和视频结合可能在高强度运动期间导致更低的主观用力感觉。未来有必要进行研究，以测试对解离性注意力刺激做出反应时主观用力感觉的降低是否对运动坚持有影响。
