Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
Department of Physiology, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1077:355-368. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-0947-2_19.
Bone tissue engineering using titanium (Ti) implant and titanium dioxide (TiO) with their modification is gaining increasing attention. Ti has been adopted as an implant material in dental and orthopedic fields due to its superior properties. However, it still requires modification in order to achieve robust osteointegration between the Ti implant and surrounding bone. To modify the Ti implant, numerous methods have been introduced to fabricate porous implant surfaces with a variety of coating materials. Among these, plasma spraying of hydroxyapatite (HA) has been the most commonly used with commercial success. Meanwhile, TiO nanotubes have been actively studied as the coating material for implants, and promising results have been reported about improving osteogenic activity around implants recently. Also porous three-dimensional constructs based on TiO have been proposed as scaffolding material with high biocompatibility and osteoconductivity in large bone defects. However, the use of the TiO scaffolds in load-bearing environment is somewhat limited. In order to optimize the TiO scaffolds, studies have tried to combine various materials with TiO scaffolds including drug, mesenchymal stem cells, AlO-SiO solid and HA. This article will shortly introduce the properties of Ti and Ti-based implants with their modification, and review the progress of bone tissue engineering using the TiO nanotubes and scaffolds.
利用钛（Ti）植入物和二氧化钛（TiO）及其改性材料进行骨组织工程学研究正受到越来越多的关注。由于 Ti 具有优异的性能，已被采用为牙科和骨科领域的植入物材料。然而，为了实现 Ti 植入物与周围骨骼之间的稳健的骨整合，仍需要进行改性。为了改性 Ti 植入物，已经引入了许多方法来制造具有各种涂层材料的多孔植入物表面。其中，羟基磷灰石（HA）的等离子喷涂是最常用的方法，并且具有商业成功。同时，TiO 纳米管已被积极研究作为植入物的涂层材料，最近关于提高植入物周围成骨活性的研究结果也很有前景。此外，基于 TiO 的多孔三维结构也被提议作为大骨缺损的支架材料，具有高生物相容性和骨传导性。然而，TiO 支架在承载环境中的应用有些受限。为了优化 TiO 支架，研究已经尝试将各种材料与 TiO 支架结合，包括药物、间充质干细胞、AlO-SiO 固体和 HA。本文将简要介绍 Ti 及其改性植入物的特性，并综述利用 TiO 纳米管和支架进行骨组织工程学的研究进展。
