Forensic Science Laboratory, Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters, Kanazawa, Japan.
Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
J Sep Sci. 2018 Dec;41(24):4506-4514. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201800874. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
In forensic drug analysis, extractive pretreatment is required prior to instrumental analysis to ensure successful detection of the target compounds. However, conventional extraction methods such as hydrophilic polymer-based solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction are unsuitable for an emerging class of new psychoactive substances, namely, synthetic cathinones, because they exhibit a lack of class selectivity and increased risk of target analyte decomposition during extraction. To address these issues, we describe a highly class-selective sample clean-up method for the extraction of synthetic cathinones from urine and whole blood samples, exploiting a molecularly imprinted polymer solid-phase extraction cartridge. In terms of the influence of the synthetic cathinone molecular structure on the extraction recovery, we showed that while longer alkyl side chains slightly reduced the extraction efficiency, substituent variation on the aromatic ring exerted no effect. Molecularly imprinted polymer solid-phase extraction of 11 synthetic cathinones from urine samples yielded higher recoveries than the two conventional extraction methods, and smaller matrix effect was observed than that with hydrophilic polymer-based solid-phase extraction. Molecularly imprinted polymer solid-phase extraction from whole blood samples gave recoveries comparable to those of urine samples. Therefore, the proposed method is applicable for the extraction and quantitative determination of synthetic cathinones in biological samples.
在法医毒理学分析中，在进行仪器分析之前需要进行提取前处理，以确保目标化合物的成功检测。然而，传统的提取方法，如亲水聚合物固相萃取和液液萃取，不适合新兴的一类新型精神活性物质，即合成卡西酮，因为它们缺乏类选择性，并在提取过程中增加了目标分析物分解的风险。为了解决这些问题，我们描述了一种从尿液和全血样本中提取合成卡西酮的高度类选择性样品净化方法，利用分子印迹聚合物固相萃取柱。就合成卡西酮分子结构对萃取回收率的影响而言，我们发现虽然较长的烷基侧链略微降低了萃取效率，但芳环上的取代基变化没有影响。从尿液样本中用分子印迹聚合物固相萃取 11 种合成卡西酮，回收率高于两种常规萃取方法，并且观察到的基质效应比亲水聚合物固相萃取小。从全血样本中用分子印迹聚合物固相萃取得到的回收率与尿液样本相当。因此，该方法适用于生物样本中合成卡西酮的提取和定量测定。
