School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Biomed Chromatogr. 2022 Jun;36(6):e5361. doi: 10.1002/bmc.5361. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic polymers designed to selectively extract target analytes from complex matrices (including biological matrices). The literature shows that MIPs have a degree of cross-selectivity from analytes within the same class of compounds. A commercially available MIP for tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) is designed to be class selective for four TSNA compounds. This study sought to characterize the extent of cross-selectivity of the TSNA MIPs with other tobacco alkaloids. Cross-selectivity and recovery of the SupelMIP™ TSNA SPE cartridges was assessed with N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), nicotine, cotinine and morphine. Their recoveries were compared with the recoveries of a nonimprinted polymer SPE cartridge, and two traditional SPE cartridges: a Waters mixed-mode cation exchange cartridge and a Waters hydrophilic-lipophilic balance cartridge. NNN and cotinine had the highest recoveries with the MIP cartridge, over 80%, and cotinine samples in urine had >80% recoveries. Nicotine had highly variable recoveries, possibly owing to differing chemical properties from the TSNAs. All three analytes had significantly different recoveries with the MIP cartridges compared with the traditional SPE cartridges. Morphine displayed nonspecific interactions with the MIP cartridges. Utilization of the TSNAs' cross-selectivity allows for simultaneous extraction and identification of multiple tobacco biomarkers using one extraction technique.
分子印迹聚合物（MIPs）是一种设计用于从复杂基质（包括生物基质）中选择性提取目标分析物的合成聚合物。文献表明，MIPs 对同一类化合物中的分析物具有一定程度的交叉选择性。一种市售的烟草特异性亚硝胺（TSNAs）MIP 设计为对四种 TSNAs 化合物具有类选择性。本研究旨在表征 TSNAs MIP 对其他烟草生物碱的交叉选择性程度。使用 N-亚硝降烟碱（NNN）、尼古丁、可替宁和吗啡来评估 SupelMIP™ TSNA SPE 小柱的交叉选择性和回收率。将它们的回收率与非印迹聚合物 SPE 小柱和两种传统 SPE 小柱（Waters 混合模式阳离子交换小柱和 Waters 亲水-亲脂平衡小柱）的回收率进行了比较。NNN 和可替宁与 MIP 小柱的回收率最高，超过 80%，尿液中的可替宁样品的回收率>80%。尼古丁的回收率变化很大，可能是由于其化学性质与 TSNAs 不同。与传统 SPE 小柱相比，所有三种分析物与 MIP 小柱的回收率均有显著差异。吗啡与 MIP 小柱表现出非特异性相互作用。利用 TSNAs 的交叉选择性，可以使用一种提取技术同时提取和鉴定多种烟草生物标志物。
