ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
Centre for Evolutionary Biology and School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 25;13(10):e0205716. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205716. eCollection 2018.
Forming accurate impressions of others' trustworthiness is a critical social skill, with faithfulness representing a key aspect of trust in sexual relationships. Interestingly, there is evidence for a small degree of accuracy in facial impressions of sexual unfaithfulness. Theoretical accounts suggest that these impressions may function to help with partner selection, and may be universal. If so, impressions should be similar for perceivers from different cultures and accuracy should not be limited to own-race faces. We tested these predictions by asking Caucasian and Asian women to judge the likelihood of unfaithfulness from the faces of Caucasian males whose past sexual history was known. In two studies we found high cross-cultural agreement in these impressions, consistent with universality in the impressions themselves. In Study 1, we found an other-race effect in impression accuracy, with significantly less accurate cross-race impressions by Asian women than own-race impressions by Caucasian women. Asian women showed no accuracy. Interestingly, in Study 2, Asian women who had grown up in the West showed small but significant accuracy in their impressions, with no other-race effect. Results are consistent with a degree of universality in the accuracy of this important aspect of social perception, provided that perceivers have experience with the faces being assessed.
对他人可信度形成准确印象是一项关键的社交技能，其中忠诚是性关系中信任的关键方面。有趣的是，有证据表明，人们对面部不忠的印象存在一定程度的准确性。理论解释表明，这些印象可能有助于伴侣选择，并且可能是普遍存在的。如果是这样，那么来自不同文化背景的观察者的印象应该是相似的，准确性也不应仅限于本族裔面孔。我们通过要求白种女性和亚洲女性从已知过去性史的白种男性的面部判断不忠的可能性，来检验这些预测。在两项研究中，我们发现这些印象存在高度的跨文化一致性，这表明印象本身具有普遍性。在研究 1 中，我们发现了一种跨种族的印象准确性效应，亚洲女性对跨种族面孔的印象明显不如白种女性对本族裔面孔的印象准确。亚洲女性没有表现出准确性。有趣的是，在研究 2 中，在西方长大的亚洲女性对自己印象的准确性表现出微小但显著的差异，且不存在跨种族效应。结果表明，在社交感知的这一重要方面，准确性具有一定程度的普遍性，前提是观察者对被评估的面孔有经验。
